In order to confront challenges related to austerity, globalization and ageing, contemporary western governments feel the urge to socially innovate. In social innovation the role of citizens in public services is recognized as a possible valuable asset in order to implement public services more effective, more service oriented and also more efficient. However, in order to be really innovative and thoroughly reform public services, citizens are not only invited to ‘play-along’, but also to ‘co-design’ public services and even initiate public service delivery. This is labeled as ‘public co-creation’.
Although the concept of co-creation becomes more popular in the pub
