Cilj je ovoga rada podsjetiti na metode korištene u izradi dijalektnih karata
hrvatskih narječja iz rane faze takvoga kartografiranja s početka 20. st. do
ključnih recentnih karata cjelovitih narječja, kao i karata koje prikazuju stratifikaciju
samo pojedinih dijalekata ili područja. Među njima od samoga početka
ima karata koje oslikavaju distribuciju pojedinačnih značajki unutar određenih
područja. Usto, zadatak je ovoga rada usporediti metodologiju primijenjenu
u izradi tih karata s metodologijom i mogućnostima prikazivanja na kartama
izrađenim u okviru projekta Općeslavenski lingvistički atlas, koje su primarno
usmjerene na rasprostranjenost pojedine jezične značajke u određenomu
arealu i iscrtavanje izoglosa u odnosu na druge hrvatske, ali i druge slavenske
punktove predviđene projektom. Istaknut će se prednosti metode lingvističke
geografije koja se rabi u prikazu i analizi jezične raznolikosti u okviru
toga projekta: svi su govori istraženi prema jednakomu upitniku s pitanjima
koja omogućuju pregled svih jezičnih razina, ujednačeno je znakovlje i interpretacija.
Upozorit će se na vrijednost usklađenosti prijenosa znakova zapisa
u jedinstven font i sustav simbola, čime se osigurava preciznost u prikazu rasprostranjenosti
pojedine značajke, odnosno uočavanje manje gustih i gušćih
snopova izoglosa kojima se mogu definirati odnosi među hrvatskim punktovima,
kao i među ostalim slavenskim govorima uključenim u taj atlas, ali i na nedostatnost
broja odabranih hrvatskih punktova. Važnost ujednačene metodologije
i utemeljenoga rastera punktova bit će argumentirana kartama rasprostranjenosti
leksemâ sa značenjem ‘pjegav’ ekscerpiranih iz hrvatskih upitnika za
projekt OLA i rječnika hrvatskih organskih idioma.The goal of this contribution is to present the methods employed in the creation
of the dialectal maps of Croatian dialects from the early stages of creating
such maps until the creation of the most important recent maps: Čakavian (Finka
– Moguš’s from 1977, Brozović’s from 1988, Lisac’s from 2009); Kajkavian
(Belić’s from 1929, Ivšić’s from 1936, Brozović’s from 1965 and 1988, Lončarić’s
from 1982, 1996 and 2018); Štokavian (Ivić’s from 1956 and 1988, Lisac’s from
2003). Other maps show only the stratification of individual dialects or areas.
From the very beginnings of their creation, these maps have included those that
show the distribution of individual features.
The goal of this paper is to compare the methodology employed in the creation
of these maps with the methodology and the possibilities of mapping employed
in the maps created within the framework of the General Slavic Linguistic Atlas
project that are primarily focused on the distribution of an individual linguistic feature
in a certain area and determining the isoglosses in relation to the other Croatian,
but also Slavic, dialectal points included in the project.
We will present the advantages of the linguistic geography method which is used
to display and analyse linguistic diversity within the framework of this project: all
the dialects are studied with the help of the same questionnaire, which consists of
questions that enable us to study all the linguistic levels, and all the symbols and
punctuation used are standardized. We will also stress the importance of a uniform
system for the transfer of symbols from the handwritten notes into a standardized
font and system of symbols which ensures precision when it comes to presenting
the distribution of a particular feature – that is, one that enables us to identify less
and more dense isogloss bundles – which can help us determine the links between
different parts of a single system or between different systems (diachronically
and synchronically) – in other words, to define the relationships between various
Croatian dialectal points, but also between other all of the Slavic dialects included
in the atlas. The importance of a standardized methodology and raster-based
points will be proved with the maps of the distribution of the lexemes with the
meaning of „spotted“ which are excerpted from the Croatian questionnaires for
the OLA project and dictionaries of Croatian local dialects
