Biles, Larry E.

Geyer, Wayne A.

Kansas State University

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports Volume 0 Issue 12 Keeping up with Research Article 76 1982 Killing Unwanted Trees With Tordon 101 Mixture Wayne A. Geyer Larry E. Biles This report is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. Copyright 1982 Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. Contents of this publication may be freely reproduced for educational purposes. All other rights reserved. Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr Recommended Citation Geyer, Wayne A. and Biles, Larry E. (1982) "Killing Unwanted Trees With Tordon 101 Mixture," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 0: Iss. 12. https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7313 Killing Unwanted Trees With Tordon 101 Mixture Keywords Keeping up with research; 57 (April 1982); Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station contribution; no. 82-301-s; Unwanted trees; Tordon 101 Mixture; Herbicide; Injection; Woodland Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This research report is available in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: https://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr/vol0/iss12/76 Killing Unwanted Trees With OCTOBER 1975 Tordon 101 Mixture Wayne A. Geyer, Research Forester larry E. Biles, Area Forester Nearly half the 1.6 million acres of woodland in Kansas needs to be upgraded by removing low quality trees. An additional 200,000 acres wooded pasture should have undesirable f, selectively killed. High quality trees thus grow more rapidly to salable size. To rdon 101 Mixture, a relatively new com-mercially available herbicide, gave good results in the Lake States (Brinkman, 1970) and the South (Voeller and Holt, 1973, Lawson and Ferguson, 197 4). Either basal tube or hatchet in jectors may be used to apply it, and it has been hig hly effective in both the dormant and growing seasons. Tordon 101 Mixture seems to ki ll more species than other injector-applied herbicides. As he rbicide results vary considerably from one region to another because of different species and climates, we conducted a series of tests on typical Kansas hardwood species usually unwanted in native black walnut stands. 1. Contribution No. 566, ·Department of Horticulture and Forestry, Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506. 0.75M AGPI('I II T'I}P A.l EXPERIM r-NT )Tl'> Tt')N This publication from Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service has been archived. Current information: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu.The Studies and Early Results We conducted studies on three sites the past three years within 50 miles of Topeka. Two were black walnut sapling-pole stands on inter-mittent streams while one was a large pole-small sawtimber cottonwood stand on the Kansas River. In the first study the herbicide gave a high rate of kif!. It is too early to evaluate the last two, but good results are indicated now (Fa ll , 1975). Detailed results are presented for the first study. It was in a typical eastern Kansas hard-wood stand in Douglas County, about 10 miles south of Lawrence on a north facing slo pe over-looking an intermittent stream. Eight species (375 trees) were injected with Tordon 101 Mixture2 diluted with water 1:1 and injected through the bark at 3-inch intervals around the base of the tree with a Jim-Gem metering injector (Figure 1 ). Approximately one milliliter of herbicide was injected into each cut (Figure 2) after the trees had leafed out fully in mid-May. . Species tested were black walnut (Juglans n1gra U, mulberry spp., honey locust (Gieditsia triacanthos U, American elm (Ul mus americana U, osage orange (Madura pomifera. [Raf.] Schneid), hackberry (Celtis Qccidentalis U, box-elder (Acer negundo U, and Kentucky coffee (Gymnoc:ladus dioicus [L.] K. Koch). Crown kill evaluations were made in mid-August the same year and in June the next year. More than 95% of the injected trees had 100% crown kill the first year, with more the second year (Table 1 ). The few remaining treated trees had at least 50% crown kills. Only eight trees (2%) produced stem sprouts the second year. Discu$sion It appears that basal injected Tordon 101 Mix-ture will effectively control undesirable hard-wood trees in eastern Kansas. Our resu lts ind i-that good crown kills without trunk sprout-Ing can be expected during the first growing season. 2. Tordon 101 Mixture is the trade name of a mixture of 0 .54 .··-:>unds of picloram and 2 pounds acid equivalent o-Comparative trials of 2,4-D amine and Tordon 101 Mixture on a variety of hardwood species in the mountains of Arkansas have shown to be effective on a great number of species including some resistant to 2,4-D alone (Ferguson and . Lawson, 1975, Voelle r and Holt, 1973). Tree ' species that we and others have cont rolled w ith To rdon 101 are listed in Table 2. Most of them are found in Kansas. Species showing greatest resistance to Tordon 101 Mixture we re b lack gum, sugar maple, and ashes. Tordon 101 Mixture being water soluble im-proves its absorption into a tree's sap stream, that makes it d ifficult to use in winter. Tordon 1 0 l R, a new formulation commercially ava i 1-able, overcomes that drawback. Tree injection gradually releases desirable trees, while felling with a chainsaw immediately exposes "crop" trees to wind forces and would sti ll require stump spraying to kill the unwanted competitor. In either case, immedia te or delayed felling many of the treated trees could be used as f irE;i. wood . Table 1.-Effect of Tordon 101 Mixture on indi-cated hardwood species' Crown km No. of trees Specie.s More 'h, o/o Complete, 0/o freated American elm 100 90 Black walnut 2 98 94 Box elder 100 5 Hackberry 100 8 Honey locust < 1 99+ 137 Ky. coffee tree 100 8 Mulberry 25 75 4 Osage o range 21 79 29 All species, avg. 3 97 375 1. Tordon 101 Mixture 1:1 w ith water basal injected at This publication from Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service has been archived. Current information: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu.Table 2.-Tree species effectively controlled with injected Tordon 101 Mixture' Treatment Species Treatment _________ :::lo::::c•:::•ic::.on::_' beech American Bigtooth aspen Black cherry Black locust Blackgum Black oak Blackjack oak Black walnut Boxelder 3 2, 3 3 1, 3 1, 2 1, 3 Eastern hophorn bean 3 Eastern red cedar spp. ";Swering dogwood Hackberry Hickory Honey locust Ky. coffee tree Mulberry spp. Osage orange Persimmon Post oak Red maple Serviceberry Southern red oak Winged elm White oak * 1 = Arkansas, 2 = Kansas, 3 = Michigan 2 1, 3 2 2 1, 2 2 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 l. Based on our study and those reported by Brinkman, Voeller and Ho lt, and Ferguson and Lawson. LITERATURE CITED Brinkman, Kenneth A. 1970. Picloram in spaced stem injections to control Lake States Hardwoods. U.S. Forest Service. Res. Note NC-94. St. Paul, MN 4 p. Ferguson, Edwin R. and Edwin R. Lawson. 1975. Chemi-cal injections fo r thinning pole-s ize hardwoods in the Ozarks. U.S. Forest Service Res. Note S0- 189. New Orleans, LA 3 p. Lawson, Edwin R. and Edwin R. Ferguson. 1974. Chemi-cal for winter kill of hickories in the Ozark-Quichita highlands. Arkansas Farm Research 23(2}: 16. Agr. Expt. Sta., Univ. of Ark., Fayetteville, AK. Voeller, J. E. and H. A. Holt. 1973. Continued evaluation of the hypohatchet fo r woody species control. Pro-This publication from Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service has been archived. Current information: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu.Figure 1.-Basal tube metering iniector we used with Tordon 101 Mixture. Figure 2.-We made cuts 3 inches apart close to the ground and metered 1 milliter of herbicide into each cut. Information in this report is for woodland owners, colleagues, industry cooperators, and other inte rested persons. It is not a recommendation, but rep resen ts two years' research at one loca tion. Publica tions and public meetings by the Kansas Agri-cultural Experiment Station are av<"; r, l, fn 'lnci '" This publication from Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service has been archived. Current information: http://www.ksre.ksu.edu.

Killing Unwanted Trees With Tordon 101 Mixture (1975)

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Killing Unwanted Trees With Tordon 101 Mixture (1982)

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