Development of motor skills from birth to school enrolment

Abstract

Dijete se razvija u više segmenata - motorika, spoznaja, govor, emocionalni i socijalni razvoj, razvoj igre, razvoj likovnih i glazbenih sposobnosti. Svaki je od tih dijelova važan bitan za razvoj djeteta te njegovo odrastanje. Jedan je od najuočljivijih motorički razvoja, koji se različito razvija tijekom prvih dvadeset godina života. Do pete se godine dijete najbrže razvija. U njemu se može pratiti nagli razvoj od urođenih pokreta, refleksa, pa sve do doba u kojem je dijete sposobno trčati te u trku preskakati prepreke. Nakon tog razdoblja, dolaze godine kada se razvoj djeteta usporava te u kojem dijete postaje svjesno svojih mogućnosti. U ovom je radu opisan je razvoj motorike kroz razdoblja. U radu su opisani razvoj fine i grube motorike po razdobljima od rođenja pa do polaska u školu te igre i aktivnosti koje su primjerene za određenu dob kako bi se poticala motorika djeteta. Tijekom razvoja mogu se javiti teškoće u finoj i gruboj motorici. U radu su opisane neke od teškoća.The child is developing in many different areas – motor development, cognitive development, language, social and emotional development, play and arts. Each of these areas is exceptionally important for the child's development and it's nurture. One of the most noticeable areas is motor development which has different speed throughout first twenty years of life. Until the five years old, the child is developing at the highest level of speed. We are able to see sudden development of innate movements and reflexes all over to the stage when the child is able to run and overjump the obstacle. After that stage, there come the years when development is slowing down and child becomes aware of it's potentials. In this work motor development is explained and described throught childhood. Work describes the development of fine and gross motor skills in various periods from birth to school age as well as activities suitable for each particular age to stimulate motor skills development. There could be certain difficulties in fine and gross motor skills development. This work describes some of them