Brett

Christina M. Bergey

Clifford J. Jolly

Jane E. Phillips-Conroy

Todd R. Disotell

Weinshilboum

Significance
          Our study provides insight into the genetic factors underpinning complex behaviors via comparative study of wild primates differing in social system. This research is among the first investigations of social behavior through population genomic scans for adaptive divergence in wild primate groups using an unparalleled sample set that spans decades. Our main conclusion, that a dopamine pathway underlies the social behavioral differences seen, offers comparative insight into the evolution of human behavioral and psychiatric phenotypes. We suggest that variation in impulsivity or boldness has played a major role in the evolution of socially complex species such as primates.</jats:p

Dopamine pathway is highly diverged in primate species that differ markedly in social behavior

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