The paper presents a new concept of conidial-ascosporic relationship in the
foliicolous lichenized genus Lyromma and a revised key to species determination. Lyromma
coronatum sp. nov. (Bolivia) is characterized by reduced perithecial appendages composed
of clavate hyphae that form a crown around the ostiole. Lyromma multisetulatum sp. nov.
(Bolivia, Brazil) is characterized by numerous large strongly recurved perithecial appendages
composed of individual acicular hyphae. Undescribed ascosporic states for Lyromma
dolicobelum and L. palmae and conidial states for L. ornatum and L. pilosum are described
based on observations of perithecia and pycnidia for the first time in natural conditions.
Confirmation of a conidial-ascosporic connection for L. nectandrae suggests L. confusum
as a synonym. Lyromma dolicobelum, L. nectandrae, and L. ornatum are reported as new to
Bolivia, and L. pilosum as new to Bolivia and Brazil
