'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)'
Doi
Abstract
[EN] Token Coherence is a cache coherence protocol that simultaneously captures the best attributes of the traditional
approximations to coherence: direct communication between processors (like snooping-based protocols) and no reliance on bus-like
interconnects (like directory-based protocols). This is possible thanks to a class of unordered requests that usually succeed in
resolving the cache misses. The problem of the unordered requests is that they can cause protocol races, which prevent some misses
from being resolved. To eliminate races and ensure the completion of the unresolved misses, Token Coherence uses a starvation
prevention mechanism named persistent requests. This mechanism is extremely inefficient and, besides, it endangers the scalability of
Token Coherence since it requires storage structures (at each node) whose size grows proportionally to the system size. While
multiprocessors continue including an increasingly number of nodes, both the performance and scalability of cache coherence
protocols will continue to be key aspects. In this work, we propose an alternative starvation prevention mechanism, named priority
requests, that outperforms the persistent request one. This mechanism is able to reduce the application runtime more than 20 percent
(on average) in a 64-processor system. Furthermore, thanks to the flexibility shown by priority requests, it is possible to drastically
minimize its storage requirements, thereby improving the whole scalability of Token Coherence. Although this is achieved at the
expense of a slight performance degradation, priority requests still outperform persistent requests significantly.This work was partially supported by the Spanish MEC and MICINN, as well as European Commission FEDER funds, under Grants CSD2006-00046 and TIN2009-14475-C04-01. Antonio Robles is taking a sabbatical granted by the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia for updating his teaching and research activities.Cuesta Sáez, BA.; Robles Martínez, A.; Duato Marín, JF. (2011). Efficient and scalable starvation prevention mechanism for token coherence. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. 22(10):1610-1623. doi:10.1109/TPDS.2011.30S16101623221