Implant Biocorrosion Problems in Human Body

Abstract

With the advancement of technology, the changing lifestyle brings more surgical intervention and the possibility of using more implants. During these surgical interventions, implants made from increasingly different foreign materials have to be used even if they are foreign to the human body. Despite the fact that the biomaterials used do not cause any problems in a short time, it is inevitable that they have various corrosion problems in the long run. In particular, there are major problems with corrosion in materials that are foreign to the human body, such as articular implants, stents used in the coronary artery or gallbladder pathway that are required to remain in the human body for a long time. In the corrosive environment created by body fluids, the presence of a high level of dissolved oxygen is one of the factors that accelerate the bio-oxidation of the implant material. It is important to note that the head portion of the joint implants, which should be shiny, becomes rough due to corrosion, and then the corrosion is accelerated and corrosion and abrasion residues coexist. In addition, joint implants made from materials that can be exposed to corrosion can be exposed to infection and loosening problems earlier. In this case, the implant loses its usefulness in a short time without using it for a long time. The implant becomes useless and causes the patient to be exposed to subsequent surgical interventions. If the stent is corroded in the vein; the stent will be broken in a short time; it will cause life risks because it will close the way which should be kept open. It is essential to choose the proper material with the aim of avoiding all these problems. Corrosion in biodegradable implant materials, which is expected to become increasingly widespread in the future, will be a desirable development if it is appropriate to be on time. In order to determine the ideal biocompatible implant material, human body conditions are simulated and alloys and composites made from different materials are subject to biocorrosion testing and work still continues. The work on this subject has not yet reached adequate level.&nbsp;Keywords: Biocorrosion, Implant Corrosion, Biodegradable biomaterials, Biocompatibility, Corrosion</p