Setiyono , Budi

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Diponegoro University Institutional Repository

Daftar lsiDaftar Isi............ ........ iiiPengantar .................. ixBab 1 ...........1.Pendahuluan: .......... ....................1Mengapa ada negara maiu dan ada negara miskin? .....1B,ab 2 .........11Peran & Instrumen Pernerintah ............................ "... L 1Fungsi Dasar Pemerintah .........20Mengapa peran pemerintah dibutuirkan? .................... 23Market failure ........251. Pubiic goods (benda pubiik) .............262. Externalities (eksternalitas----efek berantai kepihak lain) .......... ........ . ... .. 263. Natural monopoly ............274. Imperfect information (informasi yang tidaksempurna) ..........27Instrunen Pemerintah 2B1. Gorrernment Provision ............ .. . .. 292. Strbsidi (subsidy). . ... ....323. Produksi (Production)................ .........324. Pengaturan (Regulation) ........." ...........33Konsepsi Tingkat Peran Pemerintair . 34Tire Laissez-fajre school . ....35Tlre Welf'are State schooi .......36. Neo-classicism school . ........37Neq' social democrary school ........38Bab 3Tugas Manajer dalam Teori-teori Kontemporer...... 39The Great Man Theory ........43The Entrepreneurship Theory ..............45The Leader Power Theory .....................46The Decision Theory ..........47The Leader Effectiveness Theory .........52Leader Behavioral Theory...... ................53The Vork Activity Theory .......... .......54Teori manajer pada institusi publik? .....54B,ab 4 .........5sKonsepsi, Dimensi & Lingkungan Organisasi.......... 58Konsepsi Dasar .....................59Elemen Lingkungan Organisasi .............64Faktor Ekonomi .....................65Gross National Product .........66Struktur Produksi (structure of production) ............. 67Tenaga Kerja (labour)............. ................67Kapital Dalam Negeri (domestic capitai) ................ 68Perdagangan Luar Negeri (foreign exchange) ........69Bantuan dan Hutang Luar Negeri (foreign aid anddebt)......... ...........69Infrastruktur (infrastructure) ......... ..........70Teknologi (technology) ................ ..........70Kemiskinan dan Kesenjang n (poverty andinequaliry) ...........7 7Faktor Budaya .......................71Etnisitas (ethnicity) ................72Keluarga dan Kekerabatan (family and kinship)....73Nilai dan Norma (values and norms) ................ ....... 7 3GenderSejarah (history) ....................7 4Faktor Denrografis ................7 4Pertumbuhan Penduduk (population growth) .........7 4Struktur Umur (age structure) ............. ...................... 7 5Urbanisasi dan migrasi (urbanization andnrigration) .........7 6Kesehatan (health) ..............76Faktor Politik .......................7 6Hubungan Negara-Rakyat (state-society relation) .. 7 7Legitimasi (legitimary)................. ..........77Idiologi (ideology) ..............77Elite dan kelas (elites and classes) .......78Hr.rbungan Internasional (international links) ..........7 BKelembagaan (institutions) .......... ..........78Bab 5Kriteria Kompetensi Manaier Publik ........................ 80Kompetensi Dasar ...............82Managing Complexity ...83Leadership Competence................ .. B3Cognitive Process skilI........... ................84Planning skills ......... ... . .......85Relationship skills ................86Kompetesi Manajer Publik .................... BBBab 6 .........91Perencanaan & Manaiemen Strategis ......91Mengapa Manajemen Strategis? .............91Strategi dalam sektor publik ........... ......94Komponen manajemen strategis ...........96Visi (vision) ................ .. ... 96Analisis lingkungan (environmental scan) ...... ......99Sasaran (objectives) atau tuiuan dasar(basic goals) ... 100Misi (mission). ............. .......101Strategi (strategy) ..............1l.2Pen)'usunan manajemen strategis ... .. .103Kritik dan Dilema ... ..........106B,ab 7 .......110Budgeting & Financial Management ......110, Apa itu budget? ................. 111Model-model Budgeting. ..... . . ......179Model Tradisional (increnental budgeting) .......... 1 19Planning Programming Budgeting (PPB) .............. 127Zero based budgeting (ZBB) ..............1,22Output based budgeting (OBB) .........I23Pen)'usunan Anggaran ......724Bab 8 .......126Manajemen Personil ...............126Refornrasi manajemen personil ..............735Bab 9 .......13SOrganizational Learning .......... ...............139Model Siklus Pen-rbelajaran Organisasi ............. ......... 1. 41Penrbelajaran Politik (political learning rycle) ......... 142Penrbelajaran Teknis (technical learning rycle) ......143Instrunents ................ ............144(1) Policy analysis .............144(2) Performance neasurement...... ......747(3) Program Evaluation ......149(4) Cost-effectiveness (auditing) analysis ............. 151Analisis rnanfaat ....................153Analisis 8iaya......... . ............756Bab L0 .....157Korporasi Publik Dan Privatisasi .......... ......... "........ 157Jenis-jenis korporasi publik .................,.. i611. Public Utilities .....-...... 1612. Land transport and postal system ...163l. Enterprises in competitive environment ..........1634. Regulatory authorities .............. .......764Privatisasi .............164(1) Alasan pragmaiis .........169(2) Alasan icliologis ...........170(3) Alasan komersiil ...........777(4) Alasan populis .............177Variasi model privatisasi ......172Strategi privatisasi korporasi publik .......771riBab 11^{kuntabilitas & Etika.............:... .............. L7gPosisi Akuntabilitas dalam Manajemen .................. 1 g7Akuntabilitas dan erika ......... ...............1ggPrinsip erika insrirusi publik ...... .........190Infrasrruktur erika ...............191Bab L2 .....194Manaiemen Publik di Negara Berkembang:Agenda & Dinamika Masalah ...............;................... 194Penganrar .............194Agenda reform ...19g(1) Personnel Reform ........1g9(2) Privatizarion......... ........20I(3) Fiscal Reform ...............202(4) Institutional/Adminisrrarive Comperence ........202(5) Regulatory Reform ......203(6) Accountabilicy and public participation ........... 204(7) Combat on Corruption ............ .......205Bagairnana dengan Indonesia? ................205Daftar referensi ......20gRiwayat Penulis ......214r.iiPengantarBuku ini diterbitkan atas biaya dari Program PublikasiIlmiah Jurusan Ilmu Pemerintahan Universitas DiponegoroSemarang, dengan tuiuan untuk memberikan sumbang sarankepada negara supaya lebih cepat mencapai cita-cita luhurkemerdekaan.Dalam kesempatan ini, saya ingin menyampaikanterima kasih kepada Ketua Jurusan Ilmu PemerintahanUniversitas Diponegoro, Drs. Priyatno Harsasto, MA yangmemberikan dorongan luar biasa bagi terselesaikannya bukuini. Terima kasih juga kepada semua rekan-rekan dosen diUNDIP.Saya juga berhutang budi kepada mahasiswa saya diJurusan Ilmu Pemerintahan maupun Magister Ilmu PolitikUniversitas Diponegoro yang berkenan untuk bertukarpikiran terhadap isi buku ini, sehingg saya juga perlumenyampaikan terima kasih yang mendalam. Juga kepadaAya dan Toha di MIP UNDIP ,y^trgselalu membantu berbagaikeperluan perkuliahan dan penulisan buku ini.Untuk keluarga besar saya, Ibu, Bapak, Yudhi, Arief,Dayat, dan Sufi, istri saya Afi dan anak-anakku Addiya danAdelina, saya juga mengucapkan banyak sekali terima kasihatas semua yang tidak bisa saya sebutkan.. Jayalah bangsaku, jayalah negeriku, segera tegaklahlay.sejajarsama tinggi dengan bangsa_bangsa iralu diil;i;.Takkan kubiarkan kau rerseret oleh kenistaan perilaku anakbangsa yangnakal, apatah lagi oleh oleh durjan a d,ari.r.g..iseberang.Senrarang, Januari 2007Budi SetiyonoDaftar referensiAIM (Australian Institute of Management), 7993, Taking TbeRigbt Steps: An Agendafor DeuelopingManagement Skills,Victoria: AIM.Anderson, J.E. 1989, 'Government and the Economy: Whatis Fundamental?' dalam Warren J. 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Spring/Sunlner, h. 13-19.Thomas, J. W. dan Grindle, M.S. 1990, "After the Decision:Implementing Policy Refbrm in Developing Cor-rntries",Vorld Deueloprnent, YoI. 18, No. B.Toye, J. 7987, Dilentrnas o.f Deuelopntent, Oxfbrd: BasilBlackwell.Toft, G.S. 1989, 'synoptic (One Best Way) Approaches ofStrategic Management', clalamJack Rabin, GeraldJ. Miller,dan \V. Bartley (eds), Handbook of Strategic Managenlettt,New York and Bassel: Mzrrcel Dekker.212 - Badi Setj,ono--"ilTurner, M. clan Hulme, D. 7997, Gouentance, Adntittisttaliottand Deueloprlezd New York: Palgrave.UNDP, 1996, Htnnan Deueloptnent Report, Nerlr york:Oxford University Press.Vecchio, R.P., Hearn, G, dan Southey, G. 1996,Organizational Behauior, 2"d edition, Sydney: HarcourtBrace.Werlin, H. H. 2003, "Poor Narions, Rich Nations: A Theoryof Governance" , Pttblic Adntinistration Reuiew, MaylJune2003, vol. 63, xo. 3.White, H. and Killick, T. 2001, A,frican pouerty at tbeMilleniunt: CAuses, Complexities, and Cballenges,Vashington, DC: World Bank.World Bank, 1996, Vorld Deuelopment Repofi: Tlte State ina Cbangirtg World, Oxford and New York: OxfordUniversiry Press.\7or1d Bank, 7997, Vorld Deuelopment Report: Tbe State ina Cbangirtg World, Oxford and New York: OxfordUniversiry Press.Yew, L. K. 2000, F'ront Tltird World To Fint: Tbe SingaporeStory, 1966-2000, New York: HarperCollins.Pemeintahan dan Manajemen Sektor Publik - 213Riwayat PenulisBudi Setiyono, lahir di Banyumas Jawa Tengah p.:-,tanggal 11 Oktober 1971.Putra dari pasangan Bapak Eni::- -dan Ibu Muhriyah ini lulus S-1 jurusan Ilmu Pemerintai-::,FISIP Universitas Diponegoro tahun 7994 dan lulus progr:r:r-Pasca- Sarjana di Flinders University of South Australia pa:-,tahun 2004 untuk jurusan Policy and Administration. Pa:,.saat bLrku ini ditulis, dia sedang meniadi urahasiss'a Pi: lpada bidang political science di Curtin Universitr- ,,.Technology, Perth, Australia.Protesi penulis adalah dosen di iurusan Ilrnu Pente-rintahan dan Magister Ilmu Politik Universitas Diponegoro.Dia nrenganlpu nata kuliah Birokrasi Indonesia, ManajemenPublik, Nlanajemen Politik, dan Pemikiran Politik IndonesiaDisamping itlr, Budi juga menjadi tenaga peneliti untr-rkPusat Kajian Ekonomi Politik, serta Pusat Kajian OtonouliDaerah dan Kebilakan Publik Universitas Drponegoro.Disamping menjadi asisten dosen, pentilis irtga pernalibekerja n'renladi konsultan pada beberapa lembaga asingseperti Bank Dunia (2003-2005), UNDP (2000, dan AsirFoundation (2006).Berbagai tulisannya ntuncr.tl cli beberapa ltarian lokaldan nasional, serta beberapa majalah iln-riah.214 - Bdi 5'eti1'ono

Pemerintahan dan Manajemen Sektor Publik

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Pemerintahan dan Manajemen Sektor Publik

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