The nematode Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) (Onchocercidae, Dirofilariinae) was found in the leg of a silvery grebe Podiceps occipitalis (Garnot, 1826) (Aves, Podicipediformes) at Puerto Madryn, Argentina. The specimens redescribed in this note are based on 7 females and 3 males. This is the first Argentinean record for this species and the second for South America, and represents the southern-most record of a species from this genus.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de VectoresFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Diaz, Julia Inés

Escudero, Graciela

Notarnicola, Juliana

Acta Parasitologica

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DOI: 10.2478/sl 1686-007-0058-4© 2007 W. Stefañski Institute of Parasitology, PASActa Parasitológica, 2007, 52(4), 419-421; ISSN 1230-2821 VERSITARESEARCH NOTENew host and distribution records of Pelecltus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)Graciela Escudero1*, Julia I. Díaz2 and Juliana Notarnicola2'Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT), Boulevard Brown 2825, 9120 Puerto Madryn; 2Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), Calle 2 N° 584,1900 La Plata; ArgentinaAbstractThe nematode Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) (Onchocercidae, Dirofilariinae) was found in the leg of a silvery grebe Podiceps occipitalis (Gamot, 1826) (Aves, Podicipedifonnes) at Puerto Madryn, Argentina. The specimens redescribed in this note are based on 7 females and 3 males. This is the first Argentinean record for this species and the second for South America, and represents the southern-most record of a species from this genus.KeywordsNematoda, Onchocercidae, Pelecitus, Podicipedidae, southwest Atlantic coast, ArgentinaSpecies of the nematode genus Pelecitus (Railliet et Henry, 1910) are parasites found on at least 30 families of birds and three species of mammals, and are widely distributed all over the world (Bartlett 1983, Bartlett and Greiner 1986, Jimenez- Ruiz et al. 2004). Adult worms occur in nodules on the leg and foot of their hosts, while the microfilariae inhabit the host’s feathered skin (Bartlett and Greiner 1986, Bartlett 1992). Here we report on a series of specimens of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) collected from a silvery grebe Podiceps oc­cipitalis (Gamot, 1826) (Aves, Podicipedifonnes) found near Puerto Madryn, Argentina. P. fulicaeatrae was previously reported from birds in several families, such as Podicipedi­dae, Ardeidae, Anatidae, Accipitridae, Pandionidae, Rallidae, Laridae, and Coraciidae from Britain, Gennany, USSR, Japan, France, Canada and Madagascar (Vanderburgh et al. 1984, Bartlett and Greiner 1986, Bartlett and Anderson 1987). In South America, there are only a few reports of this species: one from the gray-necked wood-rail Aramides cajanea (Sta­tius Muller, 1776) (Rallidae) and one from jabiru Jabiru myc- teria (Lichtenstein, 1819) (Ciconiidae) from northern Brazil (Pinto and Noronha 2003). Additionally, P. tercostatus (Mo- lin, 1860) was recovered from a scaly-headed parrot Pionus maximiliani (Kuhl, 1820) (Psittacifonnes) from San Antonio, Misiones, Argentina (Schuurmans Sterkhoven 1951).Three males and 7 females of P. fulicaeatrae were collect­ed from one nodule of the tibiotarso-tarsometatarsus articula-Table I. Measurements of Pelecitus Julicaeatrae from Podiceps occipitalis in Argentina and those given by Bartlett and Greiner (1986) (mean followed by range in parentheses)ReferencesHost LocalitiesBartlett and Greiner (1986) several severalPresent paperP. occipitalis Chubut, ArgentinaFemales (n) 5 7Total length (in mm) 20-26 19.3(17.4-20.8)Width at vulva level - 305(280-350)Maximum width 440-640 642(559-728)Oesophagus 500-640 539(500-610)Vulva (dae) 510-800 533(400-650)Nerve ring (dae) 130-150 200Tail 40-90 53(40-60)Microfilariae (n) 10Length - 85(81-92)Width - 7(7-8)Males (n) 3 3Total length (in mm) 7-10 9.9(8.9-10.5)Maximum width 225-300 418 ( 400—437 )Oesophagus 425-510 557(520-600)Excretory pore (dae) - 105Nerve ring (dae) 100-125 133(125-150)Tail 40-50 55(50-60)Right spicule 70 61(56-68)Left spicule 80 89(72-100)For explanation: dae - distance from anterior end.‘Corresponding author: gescudero?/ cenpat.edu.arUnauthenticatedDownload Date | 10/3/19 9:44 PM420 Graciela Escudero et al.Figs 1-6. Adults of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae from Podiceps occipitalis'. 1. Male, cross-section at midbody. 2. Female, cross-section at mid­body. 3 and 4. Male, posterior end showing papillae arrangement. 5. Right and left spicules. 6. Microfilaria. Abbreviations: r - right, 1 - lefttion of a silvery grebe. The bird was found dead on a beach near Puerto Madryn (42°S, 65°W), Chubut, Argentina, in June 2005. The host species, widely distributed in South America, does not undertake a long distance migration. The specimens were removed from the leg, fixed in 10% formalin, stored in 70% ethanol, and cleared in lactophenol for light microscope study. One male and 1 female were dried using the critical point method, and examined by SEM (Jeol JSV 6063 LV®). We follow the terminology given by Bartlett and Greiner (1986). Voucher specimens were deposited in the Helmintho­logical Collection of the Museo de La Plata (CHMLP), La Plata, Argentina (N° 5702). Measurements are given in mi­crometres, unless otherwise stated.Measurements for both males and females are presented in Table I. The body of the filarioids is regularly twisted, with asymmetrical lateral alae (Figs 1 and 2). From an apical view, the papillae form a square with 4 inner-labial and 4 outer- cephalic papillae; the amphids are not salient (Fig. 7). The oesophagus is stout, cylindrical, muscular, and clearly demar­cated from the intestine.The body of the males is shaped as a loose dextral spiral or helix, with 4-5 rotations; the outer diameter of the rotation is 185 long. Width of the left lateral ala at midbody is 50 (from one specimen) (Fig. 1). The caudal ala asymmetrical, left side larger than right side. Caudal papillae distributed as follow (Figs 3 and 4): (i) 3 pairs of large, pedunculate preanal papil­lae extending into alae, symmetrical in arrangement; (ii)2 pairs of smaller, sessile to semipedunculate postanal papil­lae, irregularly placed, near the group iv; (iii) 3 pairs of small, sessile papillae in the caudal extremity, symmetrical or asym­metrically arrangement, occasionally forming a circle; (iv) small, sessile perianal papillae, one pair anterior (or single papilla), one pair posterior to anus, plus small papillae below them. Hyaline inclusions not present within caudal alae (Figs3 and 4). Spicules delicate, unequal, and dissimilar (Fig. 5). Postdeirids slightly visible, with 498 from posterior end (from one specimen).The body of the females is shaped as a loose to medium tight helix, 4-5 rotations present, the outer diameter of the helix 850. Width of left lateral ala at midbody 100 (from one specimen) (Fig. 2). Vulva at the level of the oesophagic-intes- tinal junction. Postdeirids slightly visible located 2.2-2.5 mm from posterior end (from one specimen). Caudal end rounded. Phasmids prominent and subterminal in position (Fig. 8). Microfilariae sheathed; anterior extremity rounded; caudal extremity tapered (Fig 6).UnauthenticatedDownload Date | 10/3/19 9:44 PMNew host and distribution of Pelecitus fiilicaeatrae 421Figs 7 and 8. Pelicitusfiilicaeatrae: 7. Apical view, showing cephalic papillae arrangement (see arrows) and amphids (a). 8. Female, poste­rior end showing the anus (arrow) and prominent phasmidsThe general morphology and measurements of these spec­imens agree with those given by other authors (Vanderburgh et al. 1984, Bartlett and Greiner 1986). In males the position and number of the caudal papillae was variable. Two out of the three males studied here exhibited the group of papillae dis­placed to the left side, while in the third male this group was symmetrically placed. In addition, in group (iv), the precloa- cal papillae were either single or double (Figs 3 and 4). These observations are in accordance with the intraspecific variation mentioned by Bartlett and Greiner (1986) for P. fiilicaeatrae and other species in Pelecitus. Bartlett and Greiner (1986) reported syimnetrical alae for the females. In contrast, we observed that the females have asymmetrical lateral alae, the left ala being larger than the right, as was stated for the males.The present finding extends the range of P. fiilicaeatrae and represents the southern-most record of a species of this genus. Moreover, this is only the second time that a species of Pelecitus has been registered in Argentina.Acknowledgements. The authors gratefully thank the staff of the Servicio de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido, Museo de La Plata, for their technical assistance, Pirn Edelaar for help in the field, and Nathan Senner for improving the English of the manuscript. GE is member of Agencia Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Téc­nicas (ANPCyT). JD and JN are members of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). This study was funded by ANPCyT (PICT Í1-902) and CONICET (PIP 5356).ReferencesBartlett C.M. 1983. Zoogeography and taxonomy of Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) and/), uniformis Price, 1957 (Nem- atoda: Filarioidea) of lagomorphs in North America. Cana­dian Journal of Zoology, 61, 1011-1022.Bartlett C.M. 1992. Cold-hardiness inPelecitusfiilicaeatrae (Nema- toda: Filarioidea), a parasite of the ankles of Fúlica ameri­cana (Aves). Journal of Parasitology, 78, 138-139. DOI: 10.2307/3283700.Bartlett C.M., Greiner E.C. 1986. A revision of Pelecitus Railliet & Henry, 1910 (Filarioidea, Dirofilariinae) and evidence for the “capture” by mammals of filarioids from birds. Bulletin du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelles Paris, Sect. A, 8, 47-99.Bartlett C.M., Anderson R.C. 1987. Pelecitus fiilicaeatrae (Nem- atoda: Filarioidea) of coots (Gruiformes) and grebes (Po- dicipedifomies): skin-inhabiting microfilariae and develop­ment in Mallophaga. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65,2803- 2812.Jimenez-Ruiz F.A., Gardner S.L., Cervantes F.A., Lorenzo C. 2004. Anew species of Pelecitus (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) from the endangered tehuantepec jackrabbit Lepus flavigularis. Journal of Parasitology, 90, 803-807. DOI: 10.1645/GE- 213R1.Pinto R.M., Noronha D. 2003. Analysis of Brazilian species of Pelecitus Railliet & Henry (Nematoda, Filarioidea) with es­tablishment of new records. Revista Brasileira de Zoología, 20, 361-364.Schuurmans Sterklioven J.H. 1951. Nematodos parasitarios de anfi­bios, pajaras y mamíferos de la Republica Argentina. Acta Zoológica Lilloana, 10, 315M00.Vanderburgh D.J., AndersonR.A., Stock T.M. 1984. Pelecitus tuber- caudan. sp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea)from Geothylis tricliasL. and a redescription of P. fiilicaeatrae i Diesing. 1861) López - Neira, 1956. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 61, 362-367.(Accepted August 21,2007)UnauthenticatedDownload Date | 10/3/19 9:44 PM

New host and distribution records of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)

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New host and distribution records of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)

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