Refsing, Kirsten

Copenhagen Business School: CBS Open Journals

competition between the above- mentioned agricultural and the commercial systems of technology diffusion did provide the farmers with opportunities to compare their respective advices and products - most interwiewed farmers valued the advise they got from the commercial system more highly. Delman concludes that the extension services still have a long way to go before they vill be geared to the farmer's needs, particu- larly the less rich and progressive ones. Most farmers seemed to be waiting for the annual technology package to be delivered from above, rather than actively pursuing technical solutions and innovation themselves. Nevertheless, the agricultural extension organization and political framework did have sufficient dynamism and productive results not to preclude a future client-directed reorientation and reform of the extension system. These findings are most important to our assessment of rural China's capacity to maintain and develop its quantitative growths and qualitative change. With his careful research and well-pondered evaluation of the issues relevant to agricultural extension, this is a major contribu- tion to our understanding of the present relations between ex- tensionists and farmers in China, and also to the international debate on more effective organization of the popularization of agricultural S&T. Eduard B. Vermeer University of Leiden Arne Kalland and Henrik H. Ssrensen, eds: Perspectives on Japan and Korea. Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, 1991 (Nordic Proceedings in Asian studies, No.1). 306 pp. In 1988, the first Nordic Symposium on Japanese and Korean Studies was held at Stockholm University as a rather small gathering of scholars. The second such symposium took place in Copenhagen in 1990, and this time there were 65 participants. At this meeting it was decided to establish the Nordic Association for Japanese and Korean Studies (NAJAKS). A third symposium of Nordic Scholars in Japanese and Korean studies was held in 80 Copenhagen Papers 7 -92  Reviews Tampere, Finland, in 1992 with a further increase in participants. The present publication includes 17 of the 24 papers that were presented at the conference in Copenhagen. The papers span a wide range of subjects, because the symposium did not have a common theme - a deliberate decision on the part of the organizers who wanted the symposium to reflect the variety and breath of Japanese and Korean studies in the Nordic countries. Of the contributors to the book nine are from Sweden, three from Denmark, two from Norway, and one from Finland. The final two contributions are from the invited guest speakers from Korea and Japan: Dr. Kim Youngho who writes on "Interreligious Issues Common in Traditio- nal and Contemporary Religons in Korea", and Dr. Saitoo Osamu who contributes an essay on "Urbanization and De-urbanization Patterns in the Japanese Past: with Special Reference to the Tokuga- wa Period." Among the articles by Nordic scolars there is one on Japanese art collecting (Widar Halkn), one on modern Japanese literature (Noriko Thunman), three on religon (Ian Astley-Kristensen on esoteric Buddhism, Henrik H. Sarrensen on Korean Buddhism, and Aasulv Lande on new religions in Japan), three in the field of anthropology (Els-Marie Anbacken on medicine in Japan, Katarina Sjoberg on the Ainu, and Toshiko Tsukaguchi-le Grand on the ideology of Nihonjinron. The rest of the articles deal with politics. Political culture in Japan and Korea is analyzed by Mika Mervio and Geir Helgesen. Lee Jae-Suk discusses relations between South and North Korea, and Marie Soderberg U.S. - Japan relations. Lars Lindstrom writes on organized labour in South Korea, and Gabriel Jonsson compares industrialization in Britain and Korea. Finally, Bert Edstrom analyzes the Japanese attitudes towards the Pacific Basin. The book is edited by Arne Kalland and Henrik H. Sarrensen, and although the papers vary somewhat in depth and quality, the volume is interesting as an indicator of at least some of the things that are happening in East Asian studies in Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland. Kirsten Refsing University of Copenhagen 

Arne Kalland and Henrik H. Sørensen, eds: Perspectives on Japan and Korea

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Arne Kalland and Henrik H. Sørensen, eds: Perspectives on Japan and Korea

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