In the West there is a contemporary expectation that fathers
should be present at the birth of their babies (Longworth and Kingdon 2011), with many unclear of their job description(Vehvilainen-Julkunen and Liukkkonnen 1998). A former Royal College of Midwives (RCM) survey established that roughly 98 per cent of UK fathers were inclined to participate at the birth (Reid 1994), with around 97 per cent embracing positive attitudes towards the impending event (Hollins Martin 2008a). Longworth and Kingdon (2011) identified that some fathers were unsure about their role and how to involve themselves more
