In this thesis we present different navigation systems which may be used also in surveying. Map as a basis of navigation is described at the beginning. Next, we focus on navigation based on celestial bodies. We present basic terms such as navigation and orientation and describe some primitive methods, which had been used for orientation without compass. We present two important time keeping instruments that facilitated the process of position determination, the chronometer and chronograph, and introduce two typical navigation instruments, compass and a sextant. The major part of the thesis is dedicated to descriptions of navigation systems which include the GNSS-systems, SBAS-systems, pseudolites, TPS-systems, INS-systems, radar systems and mobile communications networks. Systems are presented in a similar form, containing the structure, operation, accuracy and utility
