BETTERIDGE Keith

COSTALL Des

GANESH Siva

KAWAMURA Kensuke

KOOLAARD John

LUO Dongwen

YOSHITOSHI Rena

紀要類（bulletin）Oral Sessionsdepartmental bulletin pape

BETTERIDGE, Keith

KAWAMURA, Kensuke

COSTALL, Des

GANESH, Siva

LUO, Dongwen

KOOLAARD, John

YOSHITOSHI, Rena

Tohoku University Repository (TOUR) / 東北大学機関リポジトリ

Intensive Livestock Farming on New ZealandHill Country Farms Creates Critical SourceAreas of Potential Pollution著者 BETTERIDGE Keith, KAWAMURA Kensuke, COSTALLDes, GANESH Siva, LUO Dongwen, KOOLAARD John,YOSHITOSHI Renajournal orpublication titleJournal of Integrated Field Sciencevolume 14page range 103-103year 2017-03URL http://hdl.handle.net/10097/00121238103Oral Session3-3. Intensive Livestock Farming on New Zealand Hill Country Farms Creates Critical Source Areas of Potential PollutionKeith BETTERIDGE1, Kensuke KAWAMURA2, Des COSTALL3, Siva GANESH4, Dongwen LUO4, John KOOLAARD4 and Rena YOSHITOSHI51FarmSense, 72 Pahiatua St, Palmerston North, New Zealand2Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS),Social Sciences Division, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan328 Surrey Crescent, Palmerston North, New Zealand4AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand5Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, JapanNitrogen (N) from animal urine is a major potential water pollutant coming from grazed hill pastures in New Zealand. To ensure access to world markets, food must be produced sustainably. This research programme identi  es reasons for and location of potential critical source areas (CSAs) which might lead to cost-effective, practical opportunities to mitigate N pollution. Urine sensors and GPS units for cows and ewes located urination events. Motion sensor data, a GIS and statistical models, made it possible to predict sheep resting and urination sites in response to variation in pasture mass and quality, slope, elevation and aspect. Aggregated urination events, or potential CSAs, were widespread at higher elevations within sheep paddocks. Because resting and urination zones were heterogeneously distributed, yet highly auto-correlated (r = 0.88), maps of resting areas alone predicted CSAs (R2 = 0.82). Cattle resting and urination areas were more pronounced, with 50% of urination events found in just 5-16% of paddock areas, generally in small, low-slope ( 12°) areas of steep paddocks and frequently near waterways. Models located cattle CSAs using GPS resting and contour data only. Greatest urinary N loads per cow urination occurred at night. Because these will mainly be excreted in campsites, >50% of daily urinary N will be excreted and leached from campsites. Farmers can probably access most of these small, low-slope areas, to target mitigation strategies to reduce N leaching. Possibly contour maps alone might be suf  cient to identify CSAs, while GPS tracking and mitigation records would prove resource consent compliance. 

Intensive Livestock Farming on New Zealand Hill Country Farms Creates Critical Source Areas of Potential Pollution

https://tohoku.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=123825&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1

Intensive Livestock Farming on New Zealand Hill Country Farms Creates Critical Source Areas of Potential Pollution

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