Jackson, Jr., Lionel E.

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REVIEWS 193 ARAPAHO  PASS - GLACIAL  GEOLOGY  AND  ARCHEOLOGY AT THE CREST OF THE COLORADO FRONT RANGE. By JAMES B. BENEDICT. Research  Report No. 3. Ward,  Colorado:  Center for  Mountain  Archeology, 1985. xii + 197 p.,  figs.,  tables,  refs., appendixes.  Softbound. US$28.00. The  subtitle  of  this  handsome  and  well-written  monograph,  “Glacial geology  and  archeology  at  the  crest  of  the  Colorado  Front  Range,”  is  a nutshell  summary  intimating  a  bidisciplinary  study.  However,  true  to Quaternary  studies,  the  breadth of subinvestigations  required  to  place the archaeological sites in the Arapaho Pass area in geological and paleoenvironmental  context  expand  well  beyond  the  marriage of two disciplines. The  high  energy  environment of Arapaho  Pass  has  been  discontinu- ously  utilized  by  man  for  at  least  the  past 8500 years.  Notable  among the  traces  of  human  habitation  are  the  remains  of  stone  cairns  and  walls that  served  as  a  game  drive  system.  Prior  to  and  during  this  period,  the processes of glaciation, snow and rock avalanche, debris flow, and cryoturbation  have  shaped  and  altered  the  topography  of this area.  In order  to  date  the  many  archaeological  sites  scattered  over  more  than 4 k m 2  at  elevations  ranging  from  ca. 3400 to 3700 m  and  to  establish  the paleoenvironmental  record  for  the  area,  the  relative  and  absolute  ages of  the  substrates of these  sites  and  other  landforms  were  determined. Benedict had to reach deep into the Quaternarist’s bag of tricks to accomplish  this  task.  Among  these  quantitative  and  semiquantitative methods are radiocarbon dating, lichenometry, relative weathering rind thickness analysis, and analysis of granite-surface weathering characteristics.  The  author  used  radiocarbon  dating  to  calibrate  these latter  three  methods.  His  generally  favourable  results  will  be  useful  to anyone  interested  in  dating  substrates  in  alpine  or  arctic  environments. His  use of a  size  frequency  method  in  lichenometric  dating  of  surfaces where  a  few  individual  lichens  may  have  survived  snow  kill  or  stone overturning is particularly noteworthy in this regard. The results of these  methods  combined  with  geomorphic  investigations  have  served to  date  five  Neoglacial  advances in the  area. The  archaeological  finds  in this study  illuminate  a  long  and  ingen- ious  utilization of a  geologically  active  and  climatically  fickle  alpine environment by the first Americans. The archaeological sites have yielded  tools,  projectile  points  and  other  artifacts  from the paleoindian to the protohistoric period. Benedict gives the game drive system special  attention;  it  represents  a  hunting  technology  that  was  apparently widely  used  above  timberline  but  was  abandoned  with  the  acquisition of the  horse.  The  only  historical  analogue  to  this  hunting  technology comes  from  explorers’  accounts  of  native  hunters  in  the  barren  lands  of northern  Canada. While  the  entire  monograph  may  not  be of interest  o  non- archaeologists, the dating methodologies employed by the author should  generate  wide  interest.  Likewise,  the  glacial  stratigraphy  is  a must  for  those  interested  in  the  Neoglacial.  These  last  comments  are  not meant to diminish this work. It lucidly reports an inventive and methodical  job  well  done. Lionel E .  Jackson,  Jr. Geological  Survey of Canada Terrain  Sciences  Division 100 West  Pender  Street Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  Canada V6B IR8 A  GUIDE  TO  THE  LLOYDS’  MARINE  COLLECTION  AT  GUJLD- HALL  LIBRARY.  By CHRISTOPHER A. HALL. Aldennanbury, London  ECZP  UE:  Guildhall  Library, 1985. f 3  plus  postage. One  of  the  untold  stories  of  polar  history  is  that  of  the  shore  stations in the  whaling  trade on Baffii Land,  organized  largely  from  Scotland in the  nineteenth  century.  Untold,  because  when  the  masters  came  home after  two  seasons  and  a  winter,  they  were  not  keen  to  write  about  it. They  went  there  to  make  money  and  it  seems  they  did  not  make  much, nor  did  their  owners  do  too  well. There  are  scattered  facts  about  those  stations,  the  ships  and  masters, their  take  and  their  experience  in  the  pages  of Lloyds  List, and  they  only need  to  be  dug  out.  Details of ships  are  to  be  found  in Lloyds  Register and  the Register  ofthe  Society  ofMerchants. One of the  leading  figures in  that  branch of the  whaling  trade  was  Mr.  Noble;  his  career  as  a  master is in the one published  volume of Lloyds  Masters  Register and  the  many manuscript volumes, where are to be found many of the masters involved  in  that  trade.  All  together,  these  facts  provide  the  skeleton  for an  account of that  trade.  The  first  extant  issues  of Lloyds  List, 1741, gave  the  sailing  and  return of ships  in  the  Hudson’s  Bay  trade;  and  in time  the  pages  came  to  include  details of the  whaling  trade  and  much other  useful  information. That,  and Lloyds  Register, the Register of the  Society of Merchants and  many  other  registers,  lists  and  retums  were  given  in 1982 by  the Corporation  of  Lloyds  to  the  Guildhall  Library,  where  they are readily available.  Part  One  of this Guide lists  the  many  sources of information available there. Part  Two  indicates  what  is  to  be  found  elsewhere  and how  to  set  about  a  search.  This  list  makes  it so much  easier  to  use  the extensive  resources of the  Guildhall  Library. InLloyds  List (1741 to  date)  and Lloyds  Register (1768 to  date)  are  to be found thousands of facts about the Greenland and Davis Straits trade.  They  need  only  to be dug  out  to  provide  the  foundation  for  a history  of  the  whaling  trade.  Those  facts  are  to  be  found  nowhere  else. This guide  shows  how  to  get  at  them. A.G.E.  Jones The  Bungalow Bayhall  Road Tunbridge  Wells Kent TN2 4UB England BOOKS  RECEIVED THE  SEVENTH  CONTINENT - ANTARCTICA  IN A RESOURCE  AGE. By DEBORAHSHAPLEY. Washington, D.C.: Resources  for  the Future, 1985. (Resources for the Future, Inc., 1616 P Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036,U.S.A.)ISBNO-915707-17-9.xiii + 315p.,maps,illus.,appendix, index. Hardbound. US$35.OO. DRII, IN HIGH  ARCTIC GREENLAND.  By HANS MELTOFTE. Copenhagen: Meddelelserom~~and,Bioscience 16,1985. (NytNordiskForlag, Arnold Busck A / S ,  K13bmagergade 49, DK-1150 Copenhagen K.) ISBN TRAILS OF AN  ALASKA  GAME  WARDEN.  By RAY TREMBLAY. Anchorage, 87-17-05237-8.  43 p.. illus., refs.  Softbound. No price  indicated. ’ Alaska:  Alaska  Northwest  Publishing  Company, 1985. (Alaska  Northwest Publishing  Company, BoxCEEE, Anchorage, Alaska99509, U.S.A.) ISBN 0-88240-304-4. xv + 176 p. Softbound. US$9.95,  Cdn$l1.95. WOLF TRAIL LODGE. By EDWARD M. MOYD. Anchorage, Alaska: Alaska Northwest  Publishing  Company,  1985.  (Alaska  Northwest  Publishing  Com- pany,Box4-EEE,Anchorage,Alaska99509,U.S.A.)ISBN0-88240-271-4. xi + 108 p. Softbound. US$5.95, Cdn$6.95. translated  by SERGEIKAN.MARVINFALK (ed.). Fairbanks,  Alaska:  The  Univer- sity of Alaska Ress, 1985. (The  Rasmuson  Library  Historical  Translation Series, Volume II. University of Alaska Press, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99701, U.S.A.) ISBN 0-912006-18-8. xvii + 166 p., illus., bib., glossaries,  index.  Softbound. US$l5.00 + 2.50 for  postage & handling. HANDBUCH DER V6GEL DER SOWJETUNION - BAND 1 ERFOR- SCHUNGSGESCHICHTE, GAVIIFORMES, PODICIPEDIFORMES, PROCUMIFORMES. Edited  by V.D. IL‘ICHEV, V.E. FLINT, et ai. Wittenberg Lutherstadt: A. Ziemsen Verlag, 1985. (A. Ziemsen Verlag, Lucas-Cranach-Strasse 21, DDR 4600 Wittenberg  Lutherstadt, GDR.) 350 p., illus., maps, co1oure.d plates, refs., in  German.  Hardbound. 78,OO Marks. AN ETHNOGRAPHIC  COLLECTION  FROM  NORTHERN  SAKHALIN POPULATIONS AND BREEDING SCHEDULES OF WADERS, CHARA- “LINGIT INDIANS OF ALASKA.  By ARCHIMANDRITE ANATOLII KAMENSKII, 

Arapaho Pass- Glacial Geology and Archeology at the Crest of the Colorado Front Range, by James B. Benedict

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Arapaho Pass- Glacial Geology and Archeology at the Crest of the Colorado Front Range, by James B. Benedict

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