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Investigating post-completion errors with the alloy analyzer

Abstract

Post-completion errors are a particular kind of error found in interactive systems. This type of error occurs through the incorrect sequencing of goals and sub-goals, when the primary goal is achieved before all of the prequisite sub-goals have been satisfied. This paper shows how we can check for this property in a formal model of an interactive system. Specifically, we suggest that lightweight formal methods, such as the Alloy structural modelling language, are particulary well suited for this task. As a case study we develop two example interactive systems. The first is the ubiquitous chocolate machine, where both the chocolate and change must be delivered to the customer. The second model is of a typical cash machine and explores the problems of returning the cash and the cash card in the correct order. Both of these models are developed in the Alloy language

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