Hachtel, Viola

Hallmann, Johannes

English

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

10th Young Scientists Meeting, Siebeldingen, Germany, November 08-10, 2017 Hachtel & Hallmann Occurrence of the plant-parasitic nematode Pratylenchus sp. in cereal fields in Germany Viola Hachtel and Johannes Hallmann  Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Münster E-mail of corresponding author: viola.hachtel@julius-kuehn.deThe root lesion nematode Pratylenchus belongs to the most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide. Root lesion nematodes are able to infest a wide range of different crops. They pen-etrate the roots of the host plant and feed of them, thereby destroying the root tissue. The infested plants suffer from a reduced uptake of nutrients and water and also from secondary infec-tions by other pathogens, leading to reduced yields. In the past decade, in-creasing damage in German crop pro-duction has been recorded and this pest is regarded by farmers and advisors as a major threat for cereal production. However, precise data about Pratylenchus infestations in the fields are lacking. Reasons for the broad occur-rence of Pratylenchus are seen in narrow crop rotations, early sowing dates, mild winters and the lack of nematicides. Breeding resistant cereal varieties could be a proper way to reduce the infesta-tion rate of Pratylenchus in the field. Based on promising results achieved with barley, the project NEMARES (“Im-portance of root lesion nematodes in German crop production and strategies to breed resistant varieties“) aims to identify new resistant wheat genotypes. It is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and is a collabo-ration between the University of Kiel, Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Plant Vari-ety Office, Leibniz Institute of Plant Ge-netics and Crop Plant Research and thebreeding company Nordsaat. Within this consortium our part comprises a Ger-many-wide monitoring, field and green-house experiments of susceptible and resistant genotypes for Pratylenchus reproduction, host-plant interaction studies and the specific effect of the genotype on the plant microbiome. Here, the first results of the monitoring are presented. To determine the occur-rence of Pratylenchus and other plant-parasitic nematodes in German crop production, 122 soil samples from dif-ferent geographical regions in Germany were investigated. Due to the patchy pattern of the nematode distribution, each sample consisted of 30 cores per hectare from the upper soil layer (0-30 cm), following a zigzag line through the field. The nematodes were extracted by the centrifugal flotation method. All plant-parasitic nematodes were identi-fied to the genus level. Pratylenchus was found in 99 % of the samples, followed by Tylenchorhynchus (96%). Paratylenchus was detected in 63% of the samples. The number of Pratylenchus ranged from 4 to 936 nem-atodes/100 ml soil with an average of 164 ± 180 nematodes/100 ml soil. Those results confirm that Pratylenchus is widely spread and can reach very high numbers which will damage the cereal crop. Therefore, there is a high interest by the farmers to control Pratylenchus such as by resistant varieties. 54 Berichte aus dem Julius Kühn-Institut 192

Occurrence of the plant-parasitic nematode Pratylenchus sp. in cereal fields in Germany

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Occurrence of the plant-parasitic nematode Pratylenchus sp. in cereal fields in Germany

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