Starting from white-light interferometry for in vivo ocular eye
measurements imaging of biological tissue, especially of the human eye,
was investigated by multiple groups worldwide. First devised in 1990 by
Naohiro Tanno, then a professor at Yamagata University, and in 1991 by
Huang et al., optical coherence tomography (OCT) with micrometer
resolution and cross-sectional imaging capabilities has become a
prominent biomedical tissue-imaging technique; it is particularly suited to
ophthalmic applications and other tissue imaging requiring micrometer
resolution and millimeter penetration depth.
OCT has also been used for various art conservation projects,
where it is used to analyze different layers in a painting. OCT has critical
advantages over other medical imaging systems. Medical
ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and confocal
microscopy are not suited to morphological tissue imaging: the first two
have poor resolution; the last lacks millimeter penetration depth. OCT
is based on low-coherence interferometry.
In this study retinal thickness increases in the foveal region and
decreases in the macular region with smaller macular volume in high
myopia which positively correlates with the increase in the refractive
error.
OCT with cross sectional images of retinal structures greatly
facilitates the study of posterior vitreoretinal anatomy in eyes with high
myopia to allow detection of subtle macular changes that are otherwise
undectable. So OCT can be done in a healthy high myopic population and
in symptomatic myopic population who complains of worsening of visual
function in the last 6 months to look for epiretinal and/or vitreoretinal
traction and related macular damage
