In Mao\u27s China, the freedom of occupation choice and internal migration were limited strictly, but there was a large scale of population movement between areas by the government\u27s plan. It is a good instance that nearly 18 million young persons born in cities, called Zhishi Qingnian" were made to go to the countryside for about 20 years from 1960\u27s to 70. The population movement from urban to rural, which was not seen in many other countries, had many problems and contradictions. In this paper, we used some new documents to analyze the actual situation and background of Zhishi Qingnian", to clarify its influence on contemporary China
