The present study deals with the diversity of ornamental trees from Amravati District of West Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. All these ornamental trees show diversity in their habitat, floral structure, flowering period, etc. In the present investigation, extensive field surveys were conducted in the different localities of Amravati district during 2005-2011containing description, distribution, origin, vegetative and flowering period of 25 ornamental trees species from 19 families with their photographs and preserved as Herbaria

N, Pawade P

Rothe, S P

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Recent Research in Science and Technology 2012, 4(10): 25-27 ISSN: 2076-5061 Available Online: http://recent-science.com/     Diversity of ornamental trees from Amravati city of West Vidarbha region  Pawade P. N1. and S. P. Rothe2  1Department of Botany, Arts, Commerce & Science College, Kiran Nagar, Amravati, India. 2Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji Arts, Commerce & Science College, Akola, India.  Abstract  The present study deals with the diversity of ornamental trees from Amravati District of West Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. All these ornamental trees show diversity in their habitat, floral structure, flowering period, etc. In the present investigation, extensive field surveys were conducted in the different localities of Amravati district during 2005-2011containing description, distribution, origin, vegetative and flowering period of 25 ornamental trees species from 19 families with their photographs and preserved as Herbaria.  Keywords: Diversity, Ornamental trees and Amravati city.  INTRODUCTION       Amravati is one of the district of West Vidarbha regions of Maharashtra, forms a part of Deccan Plateau. It lies between 200-320 to 210-460 North latitude and 760-370 to 780-270 East latitudes. The total area of Amravati district region is 12,210 sq. km. The district comprises 14 Tehsils. The Wardha River forms the entire eastern boundary of the district which comprises major hilly regions like Melghat (Satpuda). The total area under forest is 51,493248 hectares, of which 55790 hectares is unclassified & very little area of this region is utilized for cultivation of ornamental plant. The major ornamental gardens at Amravati University campus, Vidyabharti College, Horticulture College, Forest gardens at Chikhaldara, Kolkhach (Semadoh). There are about 45 Muncipal gardens in the Amravati city which ranges in the area from 3000 to 10,000 Sq. feet.  Apart from this majority of the houses in the district have its own house gardens.      Ornamental trees are a staple in landscapes as they are used for the purpose of beautification & adding interest with their colorful foliage or flowers (Vishnu Swarup, 1967 and Bose et al., 2001). This region has a rich diversity of trees species with over more than 50 different trees varieties growing across the Amravati district. All these trees are grown as avenue trees while some are often grown as shade trees and fruit trees. Most of these ornamental trees are exotics and planted along roadside, botanical gardens, industrial area & in public gardens. These native & exotic trees are well adapted to the climatic conditions.      Gardening has been popular in India from ancient times. In ancient Indian literature, the cultivation of food & medicinal plants was known since 4000 years (Bailey, 1924). In the ancient Mediterranean civilization, gardens were prominent features of the grounds of temples & Palaces. Among the several kinds of flower grown in the garden. Only a few are natives of India, these are cultivated as ornamentals (Bailey, 1914-1917).      These nurseries brought the ornamental plants of various categories from Bangalore, Calcutta, Pune etc. & planted in garden. One of the forest nursery is located at Chikhaldara & Semadoh. These private nurseries planted the various ornamentals like shade trees, shrub, annual & perennial herbs, climbers, Bulb, tuberous, foliage plants, hydrophytes, even some fruit yielding plants etc.  MATERIALS AND METHODS       In the present study, the plant specimens were collected during 2005-2011, by extensive field visit of various like Botanical Gardens of University Campus, Forest, Public Parks, Muncipal corporation gardens & roadside from Amravati city. To obtain complete specimen i.e., flowering & fruiting stage, fragments & seasonal visits have been made to the garden. Field data has been noted in the field diary. A separate note on gardening is also given which includes the propagation methods & medicinal uses.      The collected plants were studied, described in details, in field diary & identified & classified up to the varieties & sub varieties level by using standard floras (Hooker, 1872-1897; Hooker, & Thomson, 1855; Cooke, 1901-1908; Naik, 1998; Singh et al., 2000; Singh et al., 2001; Dhore, 2002; Yadav and Sardesai, 2002). Plant specimens were deposited in Herbarium of Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji College, Akola.  RESULT AND DISCUSSION       The present study has revealed that, about 302 genera & 433 species belonging 97 families are listed, identified, classified upto varieties level. Out of these 433 species, we have identified & studied 38 species of ornamental trees with their origin, vegetative & floral characters, flowering period etc. In all almost ornamentals shows tremendous seasonal variations. This is due to change in climatic condition in our temperate dry region. As most of the trees are planted near road side, public garden, and industrial areas.      All these collected ornamental trees shows diversity in their habitat, floral structure, flowering period, etc. So,this paper describes 25 ornamental trees species belonging to 19 families with their distribution, origin, vegetative, floral structure & flowering period.    Received: Aug 05, 2012; Revised: Sept 10, 2012; Accepted: Oct 25, 2012.  *Corresponding Author  S. P. Rothe Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji Arts, Commerce & Science College, Akola, India.  Email: rothesp@gmail.com    Pawade and Rothe  26Family wise arrangement of trees with vernacular names, origin, vegetative & floral characters   Family Name of trees Origin Vegetative Characters Floral Characters Dilleniaceae Dillenia indica L. ( Mota-Karmal) India Evergreen, branches forming   round, shady head with reddish bark, leaves simple. Flower solitary, white, fragrant. Seed   reniform.  Fls.-June to oct.  Magnoliaceae Michelia champaca L.                                                             (Son chapa) India,  Java Evergreen tree, stem with grey bark, leaves    simple, alternate. Flower solitary, axillary, pale Yellow to crimish, sweet scented.                        Fls.- April to November. Annonaceae Polyalthia longifolia Sonner. (Ashok) Tropical Asia Evergreen tall tree, with pendulous branches, leaves margin wavy. Flower yellowish green, Berries black, ovoid.  Fls.- March to July. Malvaceae Thespesia populnea L.               (Paras pimpal) Hawaii Evergreen, medium size, tree covered with scales Leaves deciduous, broadly   Ovate. Flower solitary, axillary, corolla yellow   With dark purple center, turning to purplish   or orange with age dark maroon center.  Fls.- Feb. to Sept. Bombacaceae Ceiba pentandra L. (Pandhri Sawar,) Central America Tall, deciduous tree, leaves compound, digitate, leaflets 5-8. Flowers creamy white or light pink, clustered in the leaf axil.   Rutaceae Murraya exotica L. (Kunti) Tropical America Evergreen small tree, leaves imparipinnate, leaflets 3-7. Flower in cyme, fragrant, fruit ovoid, reddish-purple. Fls. – June to October. Simaroubaceae Simaroubia glauca DC. South America Leaves pinnately compound        leaflet 6-8 pairs, stiff, dark green above, pale green beneath. Flower yellow to cream colour, in terminal racemes.  Fls.- Nov. to March.  Papilionaceae Erythrina variegata L.                                   var. picta   (Pangara) Coast India, Malaysia  Leaves trifoliate with stipels, black prickles, variegated by yellow stripes on main veins. Flowers orange-red or bright red, Pod  subcylindric. Fls.- Feb. to June. Dalbergia sisoo Roxb.   (Sheesham)                      India , Nepal. Evergreen tree with grayish brown bark, leaves 3-5 foliate, ovate. Flowers small, cream-white, in axillary panicle. Fls.- March to June.  Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia purpurea L.                                      (Kanchan)  India, Burma,&China. Leaves roundish, divided in to two lobes. Flower fragrant, in terminal & axillary Corymbose, purple, pod linear, flat. Fls.- October to December. Cassia fistula L. (Amaltas) Tropical Asia Medium size, deciduous tree, leaves long, leaflets 4-8 pairs. Flower bright  yellow, in lax  racemes, Pod cylindrical. Fls.- March to July. Mimosaceae   Samanea saman Jacq.       (Rain-Tree, Saman) Tropical America Leaves bipinnate,    leaflets 4-6 pairs                        Flowers in long,  peduncled  globose heads,  pale pink, pod oblong, black, pendent. Fls.- Sept. to December.  Albizia lebbeck (L.) Willd. ( Shirish) Tropical Asia Large deciduous, fast growing tree, leaves bipinnate. Flower fragrant, in globose umbellate head, dark red, pod oblong. Fls.- April to August. Combretaceae Terminalia catappa L.  ( Badam, Deshi badam) Tropical Asia Leaves crowded at the end                 of branches, rounded.  Flowers sessile in axillary spike, white or Yellowish green, fruit reddish-green, ovoid. Fls.- Feb. to oct.  Lythraceae       Lagerstroemia speciosa L. ( Pride of India)   Tropical southern Asia Stem with white bark, leaves  small, alternate, elliptic.   Flower purple, in terminal tomentose panicle, capsule globose. Fls.- March to July.              Sapotaceae Mimusops elengi L.      (Bakul)           Ceylon & western                                                                   peninsula Evergreen, branchescompact,                         leaves simple, alternate, elliptic - lanceolate.         Flowers fragrant, white, solitary or in clusters. Fls.- January to July. Recent Research in Science and Technology 2012, 4(10): 25-27  27Apocynaceae Plumeria alba L. ( Pandhara chapa)                        Tropical America Stem with milky latex, leaves                                  simple, glossy,  coraceous oblanceolate.                                           Flowers fragrant, in terminal peduncled ,  corymbs,  white with yellowish throat.                                           Fls.- Throughout the year. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Saptaparna) India, China, Malaysia A tall, evergreen tree with dark grey bark, branches whored, leaves 4-7 in whorls.  Flowers greenish white, in many flowered, panicled  cymes. Fls.- Feb. to July. Bignoniaceae Spathodia companulata P. Beauv. Tropical Africa Evergreen or semideciduous,       Leaves unipinnate, leaflet 3-19.    Flowers in dense racemes, orange-scarlet, capsule elongate, flat.  Fls.-Sept. to April. Tecoma stans L. West Indies Small tree, leaves unipinnate, leaflets -  5-13. Flowers often drooping,   yellow, in large terminal, few-flowered corymbose racemes.  Fls.- September to Feb.  Kigelia africana Lamk. Tropical Africa Much branched tree,l eaves unipinnate, leaflets5-7 pairs. Flower yellowish –purple, in terminal, pendent racemes.  Fls.-May to August. Proteaceae Grevillea robusta A.                                         ( Silver oak)                             Eastern Australia Tall tree, robust, leaves fern like, 2-pinnatifid, shiny.                          Flowers orange or turn towards greenish yellow, in sided showy racemes.          Fls.-April to May. Santalaceae Santalum album L. (Chandan) India, Indonesia Small, Evergreen with drooping, branches, leaves  unipinnate, leaflets 6-7 pairs. Flowers brownish purple or pink, in terminal & axillary paniculate cymes. Fls.- September to Oct. Euphorbiaceae   Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.                           ( Putrajiv)                     Tropical India                                                               & Ceylon. Evergreen tree, leaves coriaceous, shining dark green above,   paler beneath elliptic- oblong.                 Flowers axillary, on short pedicels, crimish colour, Unisexual.  Fls.- March to October. Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia J. R. & G. Saru.               North Australia Branches modified in to cladodes, deciduous, grooved & ridged, Leaves reduced to scales, in whorls of 6-8.              Flowers small, unisexual, on long spike, fruit orbicular, winged , brown.                Fls. – January to May.   REFERENCES  [1] Bailey, L. H. 1914-1917. The standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, 3 vols. New York (Reprint 1950). [2] Bailey, L. H. 1924. Manual of Cultivated Plants. McMillan & Co. New York. [3] Bose, T. K. Chowdhury, B.  and Sharma S. P. 2001.Tropical Garden Plants (In Colour ). Repr. Horticulture & Allied Publishers, Culcutta. [4] Cooke, T. 1901-1908.  The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay London. 2 vols: Repr.  edition, 1958, B. S. I. Calcutta. [5] Dhore M. A. 2002. “Flora of Amravati District with reference to the distribution of tree species”.Amravati University, Amravati. [6] Hooker J. D. 1872-1897. The Flora of British India. London. 7-Vols. 1904.(Rrpr. ed. 1954- 1961. Kent.) [7] Hooker, J. D. & T. Thomson, 1855.  Flora India.  London Vol. 1. [8] Singhs, N. P. and Lakshminarsimhan, P. and S. Prasanna, Karthikeyan S. 2000. Flora of Maharashtra State. Dicotyledons. Vol. 2, BSI, Western Circle, Pune. [9] Singhs, N. P., Lakshminarsimhan, P., karthikeyan S. and S. Prasanna, 2001. Flora of Maharashtra State. Dicotyledons Vol. 1 BSI, Western Circle, Pune. [10] Naik, V. N. 1998. Flora of Marathwada Vol. I & II Amrut Prakashan, Aurangabad. [11] Vishnu Swarup. 1967. Gardens Flowers. National Book Trust, India. [12] Yadav S. R. and Sardesai M. M. 2002. Flora of Kolhapur District. Shivaji  Univresity, Kolhapur.  

Diversity of ornamental trees from Amravati city of West Vidarbha region

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Diversity of ornamental trees from Amravati city of West Vidarbha region

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