The explored warm-up ranges of desorption ion-implanted deuterium from Zr – 1 %Nb alloy, with different
structure: after crystallization from melt, plastic deformation and irradiations electron. Cool deformation
under 300 K Zr – 1 %Nb alloy with degree   3.9 has allowed to reach the nanostructure conditions
in alloy with average size crystallite d  61 nm, high three-dimensional concentration of the borders
(~ 3,4 %) and significant level microstrain that in spectrum of thermodesorption ion-implanted deuterium
was shown as additional low temperature area thermodesorption deuterium within the range of the temperature
770-1000 K. Irradiation electron to energy 10 MeV by fluence ~ 6 × 1017 cm – 2 has brought about
active development of the revocable processes in nanostructure alloy: reduction of the average grain size
d  58 nm, increase to concentrations of the borders (~ 8,8 %) and appearance additional peaks in spectrum
of thermodesorption deuterium with the temperature 700 and 800 K and, accordingly, increase the warmup
range desorption deuterium toward reduction of the temperature.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3512

Ivanova, S.V.

Kulish, V.G.

Mats, O.V.

Mats, V.O.

Morozov, O.M.

Zhurba, V.I.

Electronic Sumy State University Institutional Repository

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE  NANOMATERIALS: APPLICATIONS AND PROPERTIES Vol. 2 No 3, 03PISERE04(3pp) (2013)   2304-1862/2013/2(3)03PISERE04(3) 03PISERE04-1  2013 Sumy State University Effects of Cold Deformation and Electron Irradiations on Deuterium Desorption Temperature Range from Zr – 1 %Nb Alloy  V.O. Mats1, O.M. Morozov1,*, V.G. Kulish1, V.I. Zhurba1, O.V. Mats1, S.V. Ivanova2  1 National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics & Technology”, 1, Akademicheskaya Str., Kharkov, Ukraine 2 National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), 31, Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409, Moscow, Russian Federation  (Received 20 May 2013; published online 31 August 2013)  The explored warm-up ranges of desorption ion-implanted deuterium from Zr – 1 %Nb alloy, with dif-ferent structure: after crystallization from melt, plastic deformation and irradiations electron. Cool defor-mation under 300 K Zr – 1 %Nb alloy with degree   3.9 has allowed to reach the nanostructure conditions in alloy with average size crystallite d  61 nm, high three-dimensional concentration of the borders (~ 3,4 %) and significant level microstrain that in spectrum of thermodesorption ion-implanted deuterium was shown as additional low temperature area thermodesorption deuterium within the range of the tem-perature 770-1000 K. Irradiation electron to energy 10 MeV by fluence ~ 6 × 1017 cm – 2 has brought about active development of the revocable processes in nanostructure alloy: reduction of the average grain size d  58 nm, increase to concentrations of the borders (~ 8,8 %) and appearance additional peaks in spectrum of thermodesorption deuterium with the temperature 700 and 800 K and, accordingly, increase the warm-up range desorption deuterium toward reduction of the temperature.  Keywords: Zr – 1 %Nb alloy, Cold deformation, Electron irradiations, Nanostructure, TDS, TEM.   PACS numbers: 62.25 + g; 61.80.Fe; 61.82.Rx                                                      * morozov@kipt.kharkov.ua 1. INTRODUCTION  Zirconium alloys possess the unique combination nu-cleus-physical, mechanical and corrosive characteristic such as very low absorption neutron, high corrosive stabil-ity, high toughness and high plasticity. The Combination these characteristic conditions all increasing use zirconi-um and its alloy in creation of reactor. Preliminary intro-duction distributions in crystalline lattice reduces efficien-cy of radiation influences upon metals and alloys [1-3]. Introduces that one of the main trends in decision of the problem of increasing radiation stability is a making the firm fault structures. The most wide-spread way of the entering defect in crystalline lattice of the metal is a plas-tic deformation. Intensive plastic deformation under low homologous temperature (Т  0.2 Тm, where Tm – temperature of the melting) allows to form the broad spectrum of the distorted structures. Scientific and practi-cal interest presents the study penetrating irradiations on nanostructure condition reactor material [4, 5]. In process of the usages zirconium products are subjected to intro-duction of hydrogen that brings about reduction plasticity and stability to the cracks alloy [5]. For reduction of the influence of the hydrogen on characteristic zirconium alloy follows to consider such approaches, as creation covering or structured conditions of the metal, which delay the penetration of the hydrogen inside metal or stimulates its desorption from metal. In persisting work are presented results of the study warm-up interval desorption ion-implanted deuterium from Zr-1%Nb alloy in different structured conditions: after crystallization from melt, plastic deformation and electron irradiations.   2. THE METHODICAL ASPECTS  Warm-up ranges of desorption ion implanted deuterium from sample of the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy passed different changing a structure processing were researched by method thermodesorption spectroscopy on installation "SKIF" [6]. They were researched sample of the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy: (a) in cast condition (source); (b) passed plastic deformation under room temperature on   3.9; (c) passed plastic deformation under room temperature on   3.9 and irradiation electron to energy 10 MeV by fluence ~ 6  1017 cm – 2. The sample by size 10  5  0.4 mm3 bore up on heaters from tantalum foil by size 40  5  0.1 mm3. The temperature was measured by tungsten-rhenium thermocouple WRe 5/20, attached to sample. For the reason reduction of the influence of the background hydrogen, available in sample and camera of the dartboards, in experiment was used isotope of the hydrogen – a deuterium. After the specimen was exposed to a prescribed dose, the beam was cut off, and the temperature of liquid nitrogen-cooled specimen was lowered to ~ 80 K; then the specimen heating was started, in the course of which the specimen temperature showed a rise up to ~ 1600 K at an average rate of ~ 3.5 K/s by an approximately linear law of time. The release of deuterium in the measurement chamber was measured with a mass spectrometer set to a mass m  4 amu ( 2D ). The structure sample researched by means of electronic microscope EMV-100BR at accelerating voltage 100 kV  3. THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY AND THEIR ANALYSIS  On Fig. 1 are brought typical spectrums thermode-sorption of deuterium, implanted in source sample of  V.O. MATS, O.M. MOROZOV, V.G. KULISH, ET AL. PROC. NAP 2, 03PISERE04 (2013)   03PISERE04-2 the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy. The spectrums thermodesorption of deuterium display the structural conditions in him and their changes to dependencies from dose implanted deuterium. Under low dose implanted deuterium is formed phase condition of the hard solution deuterium in alloy zirconium that in spectrum thermodesorption reveals itself in the manner of two peaks with the tem-perature of the maximum ~ 1080 K and ~ 1400 K (refer to Fig. 1 curve a).    Fig. 1 – Thermal desorption spectra of deuterium implanted in Zr – 1 %Nb alloy doses: (a) ~ 1 × 1016 D/cm2;  (b) ~ 6 × 1016 D/cm2; (c) ~ 2.5 × 1017 D/cm2  Such type of the spectrum is conditioned presence in zirconium of the phase transition -Zr  -Zr. The peak with the temperature of the maximum ~ 1080 K is conditioned by decay of the phase condition of the hard solution deuterium in -Zr. Nearly simultaneously, with beginning of the decay this phase condition phase transition Zr  -Zr begins in zirconium, which in spectrum reveals itself in reduction of the velocities desorption of deuterium and forming the phase state of the hard solution deuterium in -Zr. At the temperature ~ 1400 K occurs the decay of the phase condition of the hard solution deuterium in -Zr. Increase the dose implanted deuterium stimulates  formation zirconium hydride, about presence which witnesses the peak in spectrum thermodesorption deuterium with the temperature of the maximum ~ 850 K (refer to Fig. 1 curves b and c). For the further studies sample, passed the process changing a structures chose testing dose ~ 1.3  1017 D/cm2 [7, 8]. Cool deforming the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy on greater degree (  3.9) has allowed to reach the nanostructure state in alloy with average grain size d  61 nm. For such nanostructure typical high concentration of the borders (~ 3,4 %) and significant level of microstresses (refer to Fig. 2b). The high degree of imperfectness and spottinesses of the sharing the internal voltages shows the change the warm-up range of deuterium desorption that in spectrum of ion-implanted deuterium thermodesorption reveal itself as additional low temperature area of deuterium desorption within the range of the temperature 770-1000 K (refer to Fig. 3, curve b). Herewith, deuterium desorption begins from room temperature. The irradiation electron to energy 10 MeV by fluence ~ 6  1017 cm – 2 brings about active development of the revocable processes in nanostruc-ture alloy. Distribution density falls into grains. The most intensive displacement of distribution occurs in top of the ragged borders and border-line zone –  plac-es to maximum concentration of the voltages. Micro-sliding and crawling across of distributions is caused interaction them with flow point defect of radiation origins. As a result occurs shaping new polygonal bor-ders (refer to Fig. 2с).       Fig. 2 – Structure Zr – 1 %Nb alloy: (а) source ( 80000); (b) deformed by cool rolling RT under on   96 % ( 200000);  (c) deformed by cool rolling RT under on   3.9 and irradiated by electron beam fluence  6  1017 cm – 2 ( 200000)    c b a  EFFECTS OF COLD DEFORMATION AND ELECTRON IRRADIATIONS… PROC. NAP 2, 03PISERE04 (2013)   03PISERE04-3 The transformation of nanostructure is reduced to reduction of the average grain size (d  58 nm) and increase to concentrations of the borders (~ 8,8 %). This in thermodesorption spectrum reveals itself in increase the warm-up range of deuterium desorption toward reduction of the temperature and appearance addition-al peak with the temperature ~ 700 and ~ 800 K (refer to Fig. 3, curve c), being indicative of structured chang-es to Zr – 1 %Nb alloy.    Fig. 3 – Thermal desorption spectra of deuterium (dose ~ 1.3  1017 D/cm2) implanted in Zr – 1 %Nb alloy: (a) – source; (b) – deformed by cool rolling RT under on   3.9; (c) – deformed by cool rolling RT under on   3.9 and irradiated by electron beam fluence  6  1017 cm – 2  We shall note that for austenitic stainless become Cr18Ni10T, passed get cold deformation, is discovered shift of the warm-up desorption area ion-implanted deuterium on 150-170 K in area of the more high tem-perature [9]. Herewith range temperature deuterium desorption from Cr18Ni10T and Zr – 1 %Nb, passed get cold deformation, very close on warm-up scale.  4. CONCLUSIONS  Cold deformation of Zr – 1 %Nb alloy on the big de-grees has allowed to reach nanostructure state and has caused high degree of deficiency, heterogeneity of dis-tribution of internal pressure. It has led to expansion of a temperature range deuterium desorption.  The electron irradiation Zr – 1 %Nb alloy which has preliminary passed cold deformation leads to active development of returnable processes in nanostructure an alloy: to reduction of the average size of grains, in-crease in concentration of borders and occurrence of additional peaks in a spectrum deuterium desorption with temperatures ~ 700 and ~ 800 K and, accordingly, to increase in a temperature range deuterium desorp-tion in a direction of fall of temperature. Possibly, intensity diffusions deuterium, caused level and in size of a gradient of internal pressure, su-pervises an exit deuterium on internal drains most powerful of which are borders. The increase in factor of ascending diffusion in the deformed and irradiated samples in connection with the increased concentration of borders facilitates moving introduced deuterium to external interfaces. For reduction of influence of hydrogen by properties zirconium alloys it is necessary to consider the ap-proaches providing creation submicrocrystalline grain of coverings or structural conditions of metal which stimulate decrease in its temperature desorption from metal.   REFERENCES  1. I.A. Gindin, V.P. Datlov, B.G. Lazarev, FMM, 33, 671 (1972). 2. N.A. Demin, Yu.V. Konobeev, Atomnay Energy 48, 20 (1980). 3. S.S. Ibragimov, V.F. Reutov, K.G. Farhutdinov, Atomnay Energy 54, 339 (1983). 4. A.V. Krasheninnikov, K. Nordlund, J. Appl. Phys. 107, 071301 (2010). 5. I.P. Chernov, S.V. Ivanova, M.H. Krening, N.V. Koval, V.V. Larionov, A.M. Lider, N.S. Pushilina, E.N. Stepano-va, O.M. Stepanova, Yu.P. Cherdancev, JTF 82, 81 (2012).  6. V.V. Ruzhitsky, Yu.A. Gribanov, V.F. Rybalko, S.M. Kha-zan, I.S. Martynov, A.N. Morozov, Vopr. At. Nauki Tekhn. Ser. FRP RM 51, 84(1989). 7. I.M. Neklyudov, O.M. Morozov, V.G. Kulish, V.I. Zhurba, P.A. Khaimovich, A.G. Galitskiy, J. Hydrogen Energy 36, 1192 (2011). 8. I. Neklyudov, O. Morozov, V. Kulish, V. Azhazha, S. Lavrinenko, V. Zhurba, J. Nucl. Mater. 417, 1158 (2011). 9. I.M. Neklyudov, L.S. Ozhigov, B.A. Shilyaev, I.N. Laptev, A.A. Parkhomenko, О.М. Morozov, V.V. Bryk, O.V. Borodin, Vopr. At. Nauki Tekhn. Ser. FRP RM 83, 47 (2003).  

Effects of Cold Deformation and Electron Irradiations on Deuterium Desorption Temperature Range from Zr – 1 %Nb Alloy

SocioEconomic Challenges Journal (Sumy State University)

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE  
NANOMATERIALS: APPLICATIONS AND PROPERTIES 
Vol. 2 No 3, 03PISERE04(3pp) (2013) 
 
 
2304-1862/2013/2(3)03PISERE04(3) 03PISERE04-1  2013 Sumy State University 
Effects of Cold Deformation and Electron Irradiations on 
Deuterium Desorption Temperature Range from Zr – 1 %Nb Alloy 
 
V.O. Mats1, O.M. Morozov1,*, V.G. Kulish1, V.I. Zhurba1, O.V. Mats1, S.V. Ivanova2 
 
1 National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics & Technology”, 1, Akademicheskaya Str., Kharkov, Ukraine 
2 National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), 31, Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409, Moscow, Russian Federation 
 
(Received 20 May 2013; published online 31 August 2013) 
 
The explored warm-up ranges of desorption ion-implanted deuterium from Zr – 1 %Nb alloy, with dif-
ferent structure: after crystallization from melt, plastic deformation and irradiations electron. Cool defor-
mation under 300 K Zr – 1 %Nb alloy with degree   3.9 has allowed to reach the nanostructure conditions 
in alloy with average size crystallite d  61 nm, high three-dimensional concentration of the borders 
(~ 3,4 %) and significant level microstrain that in spectrum of thermodesorption ion-implanted deuterium 
was shown as additional low temperature area thermodesorption deuterium within the range of the tem-
perature 770-1000 K. Irradiation electron to energy 10 MeV by fluence ~ 6 × 1017 cm – 2 has brought about 
active development of the revocable processes in nanostructure alloy: reduction of the average grain size 
d  58 nm, increase to concentrations of the borders (~ 8,8 %) and appearance additional peaks in spectrum 
of thermodesorption deuterium with the temperature 700 and 800 K and, accordingly, increase the warm-
up range desorption deuterium toward reduction of the temperature. 
 
Keywords: Zr – 1 %Nb alloy, Cold deformation, Electron irradiations, Nanostructure, TDS, TEM. 
 
 PACS numbers: 62.25 + g; 61.80.Fe; 61.82.Rx 
 
 
                                                   
* morozov@kipt.kharkov.ua 
1. INTRODUCTION 
 
Zirconium alloys possess the unique combination nu-
cleus-physical, mechanical and corrosive characteristic 
such as very low absorption neutron, high corrosive stabil-
ity, high toughness and high plasticity. The Combination 
these characteristic conditions all increasing use zirconi-
um and its alloy in creation of reactor. Preliminary intro-
duction distributions in crystalline lattice reduces efficien-
cy of radiation influences upon metals and alloys [1-3]. 
Introduces that one of the main trends in decision of the 
problem of increasing radiation stability is a making the 
firm fault structures. The most wide-spread way of the 
entering defect in crystalline lattice of the metal is a plas-
tic deformation. Intensive plastic deformation under low 
homologous temperature (Т  0.2 Тm, where Tm –
 temperature of the melting) allows to form the broad 
spectrum of the distorted structures. Scientific and practi-
cal interest presents the study penetrating irradiations on 
nanostructure condition reactor material [4, 5]. In process 
of the usages zirconium products are subjected to intro-
duction of hydrogen that brings about reduction plasticity 
and stability to the cracks alloy [5]. For reduction of the 
influence of the hydrogen on characteristic zirconium alloy 
follows to consider such approaches, as creation covering 
or structured conditions of the metal, which delay the 
penetration of the hydrogen inside metal or stimulates its 
desorption from metal. In persisting work are presented 
results of the study warm-up interval desorption ion-
implanted deuterium from Zr-1%Nb alloy in different 
structured conditions: after crystallization from melt, 
plastic deformation and electron irradiations.  
 
2. THE METHODICAL ASPECTS 
 
Warm-up ranges of desorption ion implanted 
deuterium from sample of the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy passed 
different changing a structure processing were 
researched by method thermodesorption spectroscopy 
on installation "SKIF" [6]. They were researched 
sample of the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy: (a) in cast condition 
(source); (b) passed plastic deformation under room 
temperature on   3.9; (c) passed plastic deformation 
under room temperature on   3.9 and irradiation 
electron to energy 10 MeV by fluence ~ 6  1017 cm – 2. 
The sample by size 10  5  0.4 mm3 bore up on 
heaters from tantalum foil by size 40  5  0.1 mm3. 
The temperature was measured by tungsten-rhenium 
thermocouple WRe 5/20, attached to sample. For the 
reason reduction of the influence of the background 
hydrogen, available in sample and camera of the 
dartboards, in experiment was used isotope of the 
hydrogen – a deuterium. After the specimen was 
exposed to a prescribed dose, the beam was cut off, and 
the temperature of liquid nitrogen-cooled specimen was 
lowered to ~ 80 K; then the specimen heating was 
started, in the course of which the specimen 
temperature showed a rise up to ~ 1600 K at an 
average rate of ~ 3.5 K/s by an approximately linear 
law of time. The release of deuterium in the 
measurement chamber was measured with a mass 
spectrometer set to a mass m  4 amu ( 2D
 ). 
The structure sample researched by means of 
electronic microscope EMV-100BR at accelerating 
voltage 100 kV 
 
3. THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY AND THEIR 
ANALYSIS 
 
On Fig. 1 are brought typical spectrums thermode-
sorption of deuterium, implanted in source sample of 
 V.O. MATS, O.M. MOROZOV, V.G. KULISH, ET AL. PROC. NAP 2, 03PISERE04 (2013) 
 
 
03PISERE04-2 
the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy. The spectrums thermodesorption 
of deuterium display the structural conditions in him 
and their changes to dependencies from dose implanted 
deuterium. Under low dose implanted deuterium is 
formed phase condition of the hard solution deuterium 
in alloy zirconium that in spectrum thermodesorption 
reveals itself in the manner of two peaks with the tem-
perature of the maximum ~ 1080 K and ~ 1400 K (refer 
to Fig. 1 curve a). 
 
 
 
Fig. 1 – Thermal desorption spectra of deuterium implanted 
in Zr – 1 %Nb alloy doses: (a) ~ 1 × 1016 D/cm2;  
(b) ~ 6 × 1016 D/cm2; (c) ~ 2.5 × 1017 D/cm2 
 
Such type of the spectrum is conditioned presence in 
zirconium of the phase transition -Zr  -Zr. The 
peak with the temperature of the maximum ~ 1080 K is 
conditioned by decay of the phase condition of the hard 
solution deuterium in -Zr. Nearly simultaneously, 
with beginning of the decay this phase condition phase 
transition Zr  -Zr begins in zirconium, which in 
spectrum reveals itself in reduction of the velocities 
desorption of deuterium and forming the phase state of 
the hard solution deuterium in -Zr. At the 
temperature ~ 1400 K occurs the decay of the phase 
condition of the hard solution deuterium in -Zr. 
Increase the dose implanted deuterium stimulates  
formation zirconium hydride, about presence which 
witnesses the peak in spectrum thermodesorption 
deuterium with the temperature of the maximum 
~ 850 K (refer to Fig. 1 curves b and c). For the further 
studies sample, passed the process changing a 
structures chose testing dose ~ 1.3  1017 D/cm2 [7, 8]. 
Cool deforming the Zr – 1 %Nb alloy on greater 
degree (  3.9) has allowed to reach the nanostructure 
state in alloy with average grain size d  61 nm. For 
such nanostructure typical high concentration of the 
borders (~ 3,4 %) and significant level of microstresses 
(refer to Fig. 2b). The high degree of imperfectness and 
spottinesses of the sharing the internal voltages shows 
the change the warm-up range of deuterium desorption 
that in spectrum of ion-implanted deuterium 
thermodesorption reveal itself as additional low 
temperature area of deuterium desorption within the 
range of the temperature 770-1000 K (refer to Fig. 3, 
curve b). Herewith, deuterium desorption begins from 
room temperature. The irradiation electron to energy 
10 MeV by fluence ~ 6  1017 cm – 2 brings about active 
development of the revocable processes in nanostruc-
ture alloy. Distribution density falls into grains. The 
most intensive displacement of distribution occurs in 
top of the ragged borders and border-line zone –  plac-
es to maximum concentration of the voltages. Micro-
sliding and crawling across of distributions is caused 
interaction them with flow point defect of radiation 
origins. As a result occurs shaping new polygonal bor-
ders (refer to Fig. 2с).  
 
   
 
Fig. 2 – Structure Zr – 1 %Nb alloy: (а) source ( 80000); (b) deformed by cool rolling RT under on   96 % ( 200000);  
(c) deformed by cool rolling RT under on   3.9 and irradiated by electron beam fluence  6  1017 cm – 2 ( 200000) 
 
  
c b a 
 EFFECTS OF COLD DEFORMATION AND ELECTRON IRRADIATIONS… PROC. NAP 2, 03PISERE04 (2013) 
 
 
03PISERE04-3 
The transformation of nanostructure is reduced to 
reduction of the average grain size (d  58 nm) and 
increase to concentrations of the borders (~ 8,8 %). This 
in thermodesorption spectrum reveals itself in increase 
the warm-up range of deuterium desorption toward 
reduction of the temperature and appearance addition-
al peak with the temperature ~ 700 and ~ 800 K (refer 
to Fig. 3, curve c), being indicative of structured chang-
es to Zr – 1 %Nb alloy. 
 
 
 
Fig. 3 – Thermal desorption spectra of deuterium (dose 
~ 1.3  1017 D/cm2) implanted in Zr – 1 %Nb alloy: (a) – source; 
(b) – deformed by cool rolling RT under on   3.9; (c) – 
deformed by cool rolling RT under on   3.9 and irradiated 
by electron beam fluence  6  1017 cm – 2 
 
We shall note that for austenitic stainless become 
Cr18Ni10T, passed get cold deformation, is discovered 
shift of the warm-up desorption area ion-implanted 
deuterium on 150-170 K in area of the more high tem-
perature [9]. Herewith range temperature deuterium 
desorption from Cr18Ni10T and Zr – 1 %Nb, passed get 
cold deformation, very close on warm-up scale. 
 
4. CONCLUSIONS 
 
Cold deformation of Zr – 1 %Nb alloy on the big de-
grees has allowed to reach nanostructure state and has 
caused high degree of deficiency, heterogeneity of dis-
tribution of internal pressure. It has led to expansion of 
a temperature range deuterium desorption.  
The electron irradiation Zr – 1 %Nb alloy which has 
preliminary passed cold deformation leads to active 
development of returnable processes in nanostructure 
an alloy: to reduction of the average size of grains, in-
crease in concentration of borders and occurrence of 
additional peaks in a spectrum deuterium desorption 
with temperatures ~ 700 and ~ 800 K and, accordingly, 
to increase in a temperature range deuterium desorp-
tion in a direction of fall of temperature. 
Possibly, intensity diffusions deuterium, caused 
level and in size of a gradient of internal pressure, su-
pervises an exit deuterium on internal drains most 
powerful of which are borders. The increase in factor of 
ascending diffusion in the deformed and irradiated 
samples in connection with the increased concentration 
of borders facilitates moving introduced deuterium to 
external interfaces. 
For reduction of influence of hydrogen by properties 
zirconium alloys it is necessary to consider the ap-
proaches providing creation submicrocrystalline grain 
of coverings or structural conditions of metal which 
stimulate decrease in its temperature desorption from 
metal. 
 
 
REFERENCES 
 
1. I.A. Gindin, V.P. Datlov, B.G. Lazarev, FMM, 33, 671 
(1972). 
2. N.A. Demin, Yu.V. Konobeev, Atomnay Energy 48, 20 
(1980). 
3. S.S. Ibragimov, V.F. Reutov, K.G. Farhutdinov, Atomnay 
Energy 54, 339 (1983). 
4. A.V. Krasheninnikov, K. Nordlund, J. Appl. Phys. 107, 
071301 (2010). 
5. I.P. Chernov, S.V. Ivanova, M.H. Krening, N.V. Koval, 
V.V. Larionov, A.M. Lider, N.S. Pushilina, E.N. Stepano-
va, O.M. Stepanova, Yu.P. Cherdancev, JTF 82, 81 (2012).  
6. V.V. Ruzhitsky, Yu.A. Gribanov, V.F. Rybalko, S.M. Kha-
zan, I.S. Martynov, A.N. Morozov, Vopr. At. Nauki Tekhn. 
Ser. FRP RM 51, 84(1989). 
7. I.M. Neklyudov, O.M. Morozov, V.G. Kulish, V.I. Zhurba, 
P.A. Khaimovich, A.G. Galitskiy, J. Hydrogen Energy 36, 
1192 (2011). 
8. I. Neklyudov, O. Morozov, V. Kulish, V. Azhazha, 
S. Lavrinenko, V. Zhurba, J. Nucl. Mater. 417, 1158 
(2011). 
9. I.M. Neklyudov, L.S. Ozhigov, B.A. Shilyaev, I.N. Laptev, 
A.A. Parkhomenko, О.М. Morozov, V.V. Bryk, 
O.V. Borodin, Vopr. At. Nauki Tekhn. Ser. FRP RM 83, 47 
(2003). 
 


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Effects of Cold Deformation and Electron Irradiations on Deuterium Desorption Temperature Range from Zr – 1 %Nb Alloy

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