The term ground water quality covers a widespread meaning and is referred by an individual depending on suitability of ground water for intended use. Water gets polluted due to contamination by foreign matter such a chemicals, industrial or other waste or sewage. Disposal of sewage water in to fresh water aquifer is the main cause of ground water pollution. Hence determination of groundwater quality is important to observe the suitability of water for particular use. From last few years there have been many changes occur in KhadkiNala basin region. There has been increase in urbanization

Deshpande, A. S

English

International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJMS)

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STUDIES & SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize  
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Ground Water Quality Study of KhadkiNala Basin, MangalwedhaTaluka, 
Solapur District , Maharastra , India 
A.S Deshpande 
Civil Dept. KarmayogiEnginering College, Shelve Pandharpur 
ABSTRACT 
  The term ground water quality covers a widespread meaning and is referred by an individual 
depending on suitability of ground water for intended use. Water gets polluted due to contamination 
by foreign matter such a chemicals, industrial or other waste or sewage. Disposal of sewage water in 
to fresh water aquifer is the main cause of ground water pollution. Hence determination of 
groundwater quality is important to observe the suitability of water for particular use. From last few 
years there have been many changes occur in KhadkiNala basin region. There has been increase in 
urbanization, industrialization and agricultural activity. Considering above present study was 
undertaken to assess the quality of ground water for its suitability for irrigation, industrial and human 
consumption. The study revealed that ground water of KhadkiNala basin is safe for human 
consumption. The physico-chemical properties of ground water show that it is mostly suitable for 
irrigation and industrial use. The Geology of study area is containing massive basalt and fractured 
units of upper lava flow. 
Key words: - Ground water Quality, KhadkiNala Basin 
1. Introduction 
Ground water is the cheapest source of 
drinking water and knowledge about its 
quality is essential for efficient utilization. 
Under natural condition composition of 
groundwater depends upon rain water, Soil 
and aquifer material. About 97.2% of water on 
earth is salty and only 2.8% is present as fresh 
water from which about 20% constitute 
ground water. Ground water serves as a major 
source of drinking, irrigation and industry. 
Ground water is generally considered much 
cleaner than surface water (Patil&Patil 2011). 
However several factors such as discharge of 
industrial, agricultural and domestic wastes, 
land use practice, geological formation, and 
rainfall pattern and infiltration rate affect the 
groundwater quality.Groundwater is an 
excellent solvent that 
dissolves chemical ions, as it moves through 
rocksand subsurface soil. This leads to more 
mineralization in groundwater than surface 
water. Quality of ground water depends upon 
dissolved organic and inorganic constitute in 
water. Therefore geochemical analysis is 
essential. For this purpose analysis of ground 
water quality in khadkiNala basin from 
Mangalwedhataluka, Solapur district, 
Maharastra, India has been carried out. The 
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study area is situated about 10 km south of 
Mangalwedha city. The study area lies 
between Latitude 170 28’ to 170 53’ and 
Longitude 750 29’ to 750 48’. The maximum 
elevation is 532 m and minimum elevation is 
470 m. The sampling of ground water from 72 
locations has been taken from open dug wells. 
The samples then brought to laboratory and 
subjected to analysis. All the samples test for 
9 parameter. Location map given in Fig 1. 
 
2. Geology Of study area:  
                 The KhadkiNala basin fall under 
Deccan trap super group which is most 
extensive geological formation of peninsular 
India. The KhadkiNala basin area occupied by 
basaltic lava flow of the Deccan trap of Upper 
Cretaceous to lower Eocene. Around the basin 
the red bole is act as marker bed between 
upper and lower lava flow which is not 
exposed in region. The massive and fractured 
units of upper lava flow occupy most of the 
area. 
3. Result and Discussion: 
Physical Characteristic: - The physical 
Characteristic of water sample (Colour, odour, 
Total dissolved solid) collected from different 
location were found to be with the permissible 
limit fixed for human consumption (World 
Health Organization 2003).The water samples 
were colourless and odourless. Total 
Dissolved solid concentration varied from 300 
mg/l to 4600 mg/l of open dug well located in 
study area. The distribution of Total Dissolved 
Solid in the ground water in KhadkiNala basin 
represented with help of contour map in fig 2. 
Total Dissolved Solid content increases from 
North East to south direction. Distribution of 
chemical characteristic was given in Table no 
1. 
 
2) Chemical Characteristic: 
1) Chloride: Chloride concentration is range 
between 520 mg/l to 30mg/l. Chloride 
concentration is highest in North east while it 
is lowest in south east. The distribution of 
chloride concentration in khadkiNala basin in 
fig 3. 
2) Hardness:  Total hardness concentration is 
range between 520 mg/l to 115 mg/l. Total 
hardness concentration is maximum at center 
of the study area while it is minimum at north. 
The distribution of Total hardness 
concentration in khadkiNala basin in fig 4. 
3) Mg: Mg concentration is range between 
127.6 ppm to 2.4 ppm. Mg concentration is 
maximum at north east while it is minimum at 
center. . The distribution of Mg concentration 
in khadkiNala basin in fig 5. 
4)  Bicarbonate (Hco3):  Bicarbonate 
concentration range between 7 ppm to 2 ppm. 
Bicarbonate concentration increases from east 
to south west.  The distribution of Bicarbonate 
concentration in khadkiNala basin in fig 6. 
5) Calcium: Calcium concentration range 
between 23 ppm to 6 ppm. Calcium 
concentration is highest at center while it is 
lowest at its periphery. The distribution of 
Calcium concentration in khadkiNala basin in 
fig 7. 
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Table .1 The Physico-Chemical characteristic of all samples collected from different places at KhadkiNala 
Basin, MangalwedhaTaluka, Solapur District, Maharasrtra, India 
Sample 
No 
Colour 
 
Odour 
 
Total 
Dissolved 
solid in 
mg/l 
 
Chlorid
e in 
mg/l 
 
PH 
 
Total 
Hardness 
in mg/l 
 
Ca in 
ppm 
 
 Hco3  
in ppm 
 
Mg in 
ppm 
 
1 Colourless Odourless 1700 440 7 228 15 5 100.8 
2 Colourless Odourless 1900 520 7 216 18 4 86.4 
3 Colourless Odourless 940 200 7 200 8 5 100.8 
4 Colourless Odourless 4600 390 7 180 18 6 64.8 
5 Colourless Odourless 800 250 7 156 7 3 76.8 
6 Colourless Odourless 600 140 7 232 23 2 84 
7 Colourless Odourless 2200 470 7 225 18 6 64.8 
8 Colourless Odourless 1200 410 7 200 14 6 62.4 
9 Colourless Odourless 800 190 7 165 9 4 57.6 
10 Colourless Odourless 600 170 7 260 7 3 45.6 
11 Colourless Odourless 630 60 7 450 9 3 86.4 
12 Colourless Odourless 840 180 7 190 5 4 33.6 
13 Colourless Odourless 1000 170 7 280 6 5 52.8 
14 Colourless Odourless 930 70 7 230 7 4 38.4 
15 Colourless Odourless 800 60 7 125 6 3 45.6 
16 Colourless Odourless 560 100 7 115 4 5 45.6 
17 Colourless Odourless 600 90 7 160 6 4 62.4 
18 Colourless Odourless 800 90 7 140 7 4 50.4 
19 Colourless Odourless 500 70 7 175 7 5 67.2 
20 Colourless Odourless 800 130 7 140 9 6 45.6 
21 Colourless Odourless 1000 90 7 125 11 4 36 
22 Colourless Odourless 900 80 7 120 23 3 2.4 
23 Colourless Odourless 900 520 7 295 6 5 127.6 
24 Colourless Odourless 750 510 7 235 7 4 96 
25 Colourless Odourless 900 480 7 265 9 3 105 
26 Colourless Odourless 1000 420 7 300 8 5 124 
27 Colourless Odourless 500 390 7 240 11 5 88 
28 Colourless Odourless 1100 350 7 225 10 3 84 
29 Colourless Odourless 1400 340 7 380 8 4 72 
30 Colourless Odourless 600 260 7 310 11 5 48 
31 Colourless Odourless 1000 250 7 145 7 4 52.8 
32 Colourless Odourless 300 220 7 110 9 6 31.2 
33 Colourless Odourless 600 230 7 155 8 7 55.2 
34 Colourless Odourless 800 280 7 170 9 6 60 
35 Colourless Odourless 200 250 7 205 11 4 74.4 
36 Colourless Odourless 500 350 7 235 14 5 144 
37 Colourless Odourless 600 380 7 260 12 4 96 
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38 Colourless Odourless 400 400 7 250 12 4 91.2 
39 Colourless Odourless 1000 390 7 235 10 3 88.8 
40 Colourless Odourless 950 310 7 215 15 5 67.2 
41 Colourless Odourless 1000 220 7 225 12 6 76.8 
42 Colourless Odourless 910 120 7 210 8 5 81.6 
43 Colourless Odourless 1100 170 7 225 6 7 93.6 
44 Colourless Odourless 1100 250 7 160 6 6 64.8 
45 Colourless Odourless 1000 330 7 170 7 4 64.8 
46 Colourless Odourless 900 290 7 160 19 5 31.2 
47 Colourless Odourless 800 200 7 230 17 5 69.8 
48 Colourless Odourless 800 250 7 470 15 4 74.4 
49 Colourless Odourless 900 190 7 500 11 6 93.6 
50 Colourless Odourless 700 180 7 520 12 4 96 
51 Colourless Odourless 900 110 7 480 13 5 84 
52 Colourless Odourless 600 80 7 440 10 3 81.6 
53 Colourless Odourless 800 50 7 480 8 4 96 
54 Colourless Odourless 1000 190 7 450 12 5 79.2 
55 Colourless Odourless 110 170 7 370 7 6 72 
56 Colourless Odourless 1000 150 7 350 8 7 64.8 
57 Colourless Odourless 900 220 7 420 6 8 86.4 
58 Colourless Odourless 900 120 7 370 9 7 67.2 
59 Colourless Odourless 1000 90 7 350 7 7 67.2 
60 Colourless Odourless 1100 70 7 380 8 6 72 
61 Colourless Odourless 1200 120 7 360 12 4 57.6 
62 Colourless Odourless 700 80 7 280 4 5 57.6 
63 Colourless Odourless 800 40 7 250 6 6 45.6 
64 Colourless Odourless 650 140 7 260 7 6 45.6 
65 Colourless Odourless 600 120 7 340 12 5 52.8 
66 Colourless Odourless 600 100 7 310 10 4 50.4 
67 Colourless Odourless 500 80 7 300 8 4 52.8 
68 Colourless Odourless 700 90 7 290 7 3 52.8 
69 Colourless Odourless 700 30 7 250 7 3 45.6 
70 Colourless Odourless 600 50 7 210 5 2 38.4 
71 Colourless Odourless 400 60 7 180 6 2 28.8 
72 Colourless Odourless 500 50 7 170 5 3 30.6 
 
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Fig. 3 .Contour Map Showing Distribution                   Fig.  4 .Contour Map Showing Distribution of Total 
Chloride concentrations, in KhadkiNala                      Hardness concentrations, in KhadkiNala basin 
Basin 
 
 
 
Fig .2 .Contour Map Showing Distribution Fig.5 .Contour Map Showing Distribution 
of Total Dissolved Solid, in KhadkiNala basinof Mg concentrations, in KhadkiNala basin 
 
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Fig. 6 .Contour Map Showing Distribution of Bicarbonate     Fig.7 .Contour Map Showing Distribution of  
(Hco3) , in KhadkiNala basinCalcium concentration, in KhadkiNala basin 
 
 
Fig : 1. Location map of KhadkiNala Basin,  
MangalwedhaTaluka, Solapur District, Maharastra 
India 
 
4. Conclusion 
 
 
The present study will certainly help not only 
toimprove the groundwater resource 
assessment managementbut also useful to 
achieve social, economic and 
environmentalbenefits to support governance 
and policy.The major conclusions derived 
from this study are as follows. Ground water 
quality of KhadkiNala basin is suitable for 
drinking purpose. Physico-chemical properties 
of ground water shows that it is mostly 
suitable for irrigation and industrial use 
 
5. References 
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STUDIES & SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize  
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Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016   ISSN (Online): 2454-8499     Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF), 
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1) V.T Patil and P.R Patil (2011), Ground 
water Quality of Open wells and Tube Wells 
around Amlner Town of Jalgaon 
District,Maharastra, India, E-Journal of 
Chemistry,2011,8(1),pp.53-58 
2) Janardhanaraju. N (2007), 
Hydrogeochemical parameter for assessment 
of ground water quality in the upper 
Gunjanaeru river basin, Cuddaph district, 
A.P, India.Jour.Environmental.Geol 52:pp 
1067-174 
3) Sharma H.C and Ashok Kumar (2001), 
Ground water quality of phreatic aquifer in 
Tari belt of Udham Singh Nagar District, 
Uttaranchal, India, journal of Applied 
Hydrology,Vol. XIV. 4, pp. 10-15 
4) Golekar R B , SalokheAbhay , 
KambleNirmal, Patil S.N (2013) 
Hydrogeochemistry of subsurface and 
surface water from bank of Jayantistream, 
Kolhapur area, Maharashtra 
(India),INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF 
GEOMATICS AND GEOSCIENCES, 
Volume 4, No 1, ISSN   0976 – 4380, pp 
136-148 
 
5)K.SHANKAR, S.ARAVINDAN and 
S.RAJENDRAN (2011) Hydrogeochemistry 
of the Paravanar River Sub-Basin, 
Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu, India, E-
Journal of Chemistry 2011, 8(2), ISSN: 
0973-4945, pp 835-845   
 
5) WHO (2003), Guidelines to drinking 
water quality, Vol-1,3rded, 
Recommendations Geneva 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Ground Water Quality Study of KhadkiNala Basin, MangalwedhaTaluka, Solapur District , Maharastra , India

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Ground Water Quality Study of KhadkiNala Basin, MangalwedhaTaluka, Solapur District , Maharastra , India

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