Briem, Felix

Vogt, Heidrun

English

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

Nachwuchswissenschaftlerforum / Young Scientists Meeting 2014 Briem & Vogt     Drosophila suzukii – quo vadis?  Felix Briem1, Heidrun Vogt1 1 Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Dossenheim Email of corresponding author: felix.briem@jki.bund.de  Since its first record in Germany in 2011 the Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii, spread rapidly through the country. Currently it occurs almost all over Germany. Native to South East Asia, SWD was able to over-come its natural barriers by im-port/export of fruits. In 2008 first indi-viduals occurred in the USA and South-ern Europe. During the following years it spread through Europe and reached Southern Germany in 2011.  Since SWD is very polyphagous it infests a wide range of fruits. In addition, its high reproduction rate and short gen-eration cycle of 10 to 14 days turns SWD into an extraordinary harmful pest for fruit production and viticulture. Contrary to our native Drosophilidae SWD, equipped with a serrated oviposi-tor, lays eggs into healthy, ripening and ripe fruits, usually with several eggs per fruit. The larvae hatch within 24 hours after oviposition. Their feeding activity in the pulp results in a rapid collapse of infested fruits. Without countermeas-ures, this leads to a complete crop loss.  In 2013, there was a large increase in population as indicated by our monitor-ing traps. At the same time, the number of locations where SWD was found in-creased, too. The highest trap captures were recorded from September 2013 onward. This correlates with the availa-bility of fruits as food resource and for oviposition (e.g. blackberry and rasp-berry).    The application of mass trapping or bait sprays in berries showed no success in pest control. The increase in fly cap-tures was particularly noticeable in for-ests and forest-edges in November, while captures in orchards decreased. This might reflect the migration behav-ior of adult SWD searching suitable overwintering sites. At these hotspots, we carried out further studies in order to identify preferred overwintering niches. The extraordinary mild winter 2013/2014 together with the increased number of surviving individuals resulted in a very early repopulation of cropland in spring 2014. Consequently, at the beginning of May we recorded infesta-tion of early cherry varieties (Earlise and Burlat) for the first time in Germa-ny. Delayed application of insecticides (Mospilan SG, SpinTor), resulted in massive crop losses.  By early July, the number of individuals grew rapidly and blackberries and rasp-berries were infested (up to 40 eggs per fruit). This extreme scenario led to a high infestation in late summer and autumn crops, as well as to a significant increase in individual numbers.  With the ambition of developing alter-native control measures, we will con-tinue to study biology and ecology of the pest, in particular by searching for attractants and repellents. Berichte aus dem Julius Kühn-Institut 177 21

Drosophila suzukii – quo vadis?

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Drosophila suzukii – quo vadis?

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