Anoectochilus genus is epiphytic Orchid used as traditional medicine. Chemical components and pharmacology have been studied in recent 15 years. Medicinal orchid, in general, is not subjected to detailed pharmacological studies. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the concentration of bioactive compounds between wild and in vitro propagated Anoectochilus roxburghii and Anoectochilus formosanus. A wide range of chemical compounds are presented including flavonoids, steroids and oil violate which have been isolated recently from these species. Extract and metabolite of these plants, particularly from whole plant , possess useful pharmacological activities .A comprehensive account of chemical constituents and biological activities is presented and a critical appraisal of the ethno pharmacological issues . these species orchid have been empirically used for treatment of different diseases . The results show that the flavonoid, steroid and essential oil contents in three fields were (tissue culture ,after three months and after 6 months in wild) for each species which regarding tissue culture (flavonoid ,steroids and oil essential ) In A.roxiburghii, the flavonoid contents were (2%,0.9%,6.5%),steroids contents(0.003%,0.007%.0.01%) and the oil essential contents (0.05%,0.3%,0.18%) where as for A.formosanus flavenoid contents (6%, 1.05%,6%) steroids contents(0.2,0.005,0.2)% and the oil essential contents (0.1,0.18,0.17)
