Fanizza, G.

Lamaj, F.

Resta, P.

Ricciardi, L.

Savino, V.

English

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

Research NoteGrapevine cvs Primitivo, Zinfandeland Crljenak kastelanski: Molecularanalysis by AFLPG. FANIZZA1), F. LAMAJ1), P. RESTA1), L. RICCIARDI1) andV. SAVINO2)1) DIBCA, Sezione di Miglioramento Genetico, Universitàdi Bari, Bari, Italy2) Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante e MicrobiologiaApplicata, Università di Bari , Bari, ItalyK e y   w o r d s :  AFLP,  molecular differentiation, clones, Vitisvinifera.Introduction: The cv. Primitivo, grown in Apulia, south-ern Italy, is often associated with the well known Californiancv. Zinfandel since they are thought to be synonyms (WOLFE1976, BOWERS et al. 1993). Recently the Italian origin ofZinfandel has been questioned (MALETIĆ et al. 2004); it washypothesized to be of Croatian origin after having discov-ered a grapevine named Crljeak kastelanski in Dalmatia. Thefact that in Apulia there are different clones of the cv.Primitivo known under different names, e.g. Primitivo di Gioia,di Turi, di Manduria, may have caused some confusion inthe identification of the vegetative material propagated else-where.The AFLP technique, enabling simultaneous analysisof a large number of marker loci throughout the genome anda near perfect replicability, is remarkably powerful as a largenumber of molecular or morphological variables provides amore precise estimate of genotype differentiation and re-duces the variance caused by over- and under-samplingcertain regions of the genome (TIVANG et al. 1994). The ob-jective of this research was to evaluate the variability amongsome Primitivo clones and  to study their relationship withcvs Zinfandel and Crljenak kastelanski by AFLP.Material and Methods: Several clones of cv. Primitivowere collected in different areas of Apulia (southern Italy)by the Department Protezione delle Piante e MicrobiologiaApplicata, Università di Bari, and preserved at the grape-vine germplasm collection CRSA ‘B. Caramia’ Locorotondo(Bari). Nine clones of these were selected for this study. Inaddition one representative clone of the cv. Zinfandel (fromthe University of California, Davis) and one representativeclone of the cv. Crljenak kastelanski from Croatia were pro-vided by Prof Pejic, University of Zagreb; they had beenanalysed in a similar study using microsatellite markers(MALETIĆ et al. 2004).The DNA extraction and AFLP analyses were carriedout as described in FANIZZA et al. (2003) using 50 EcoRI/MseI primer combinations (Table).Results and Discussion: The result of the AFLP analy-sis is reported in the Table. It reveals that 50 primer combina-tions produced 2,928 scorable AFLP markers. Most of thesemarkers were monomorphic (2,919) and very few were poly-morphic (9). The detected polymorphisms were confirmedby repeated analyses (one polymorphism is shown in Fig-ure) since the AFLP reproducibility was about 99 %. TheTable shows that most of the Primitivo clones have the sameAFLP patterns as both cvs Zinfandel and Crljenak kaste-lanski. The high similarity among these cultivars has beenreported earlier using other markers (WOLFE 1976, BOWERSet al. 1993, MALETIĆ et al. 2004). All this suggests that cvsCorrespondence to: Prof. Dr. G. FANIZZA, DIBCA: Sezione di Miglioramento Genetico, Università di Bari,  Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy. Fax: +39-080-544-2200. E-mail: fanizza@agr.uniba.itT a b l ePrimer combinations and polymorphisms from AFLP analysis of cvs Primitivo clones (P), Zinfandel and Crljenak kastelanskiEcoRI MseI primers Polymorphic Monomorphic No. of Polymorphicprimers     primers        bands   bands (genotype)AAG CAC, CTG, CAT, CCA, CAG, CTC CAG 370 1  (P-Ma. 7*)ATT CAC, CTG, CAT, CCA, CAG, CTC CAG 385 1  (P-Pi. 1)ATC CAC, CTG, CAT, CCA, CAG, CTC CAG 377 1  (P-Pi. 1)ACA CAC, CTG, CAT, CCA, CAG, CTC CAG 328 1  (P-Ma. 7)AAC CAC, CTG, CCA, CAG, CTC CCA 268 1  (P-Pi. 1)ACC CAC, CTG, CCA, CAG, CTC CTG 275 1  (P-Ve. I 16)CCA 1  (P-Ve. I 16)ACT CAC, CTG, CCA, CAG, CTC CAG 241 1  (P-Pi. 1)ATA CAC, CTG, CCA, CAG, CTC CAC 267 1  (P-Ma. 7)ATG CAC, CTG, CAT, CCA, CAG, CTC 408Total 2919 9* Code number of Primitivo clonesVitis 44 (3), 147–148 (2005)148 G. FANIZZA et al.1    2    3   4   5    6   7   8    9   10  11Primitivo, Zinfandel and Crljenak kastelanski are the samevariety or clones of the same variety; it should be noted thatslight genetic differences might exist among these geno-types since a mutation can be restricted to a very small re-gion of the genome or involve a point mutation in a DNAregulatory sequence which would be difficult to be detectedby AFLP or similar techniques.The Table shows also some variability among the clonesof cv. Primitivo (three of them differ from all the other geno-types for a limited number of AFLP bands). Other authorsalso observed AFLP polymorphisms among clones withinold wine grape cultivars (CERVERA et al. 2002, FORNECK et al.2003) but not within recent table grape cultivars (CERVERAet al. 2000, FANIZZA et al. 2003). No deduction can be drawnon the nature of the variability within the Primitivo popula-tion as well as on the origin of Primitivo, Zinfandel andCrljenak kastelanski cultivars. Some authors ( MALETIĆ et al.2004), using a parentage analysis and 16-25 microsatelliteloci, have questioned the Italian origin of cv. Zinfandel andclaimed a Croatian origin after having found a genotypenamed Crljenak kastelanski in Dalmatia; a parentage analy-sis crucially depends on the number of markers used andthe population sample size (none of the Apulian grapevineswas included in the group of the Italian cultivars), on thecorrect evaluation of the rate and model of mutation,microsatellite stability, of which little is known for Vitis. Veg-etative grapevine material may have spread from one coastof the Adriatic sea to the other; indeed, during the RomanEmpire, Apulia (Italy) and Dalmatia (Croatia) had close com-mercial relations and socio-cultural and religious synergismsare documented since the IV-VI centuries; in addition, mi-gration occurred between the two coasts. Confusion in thevariety denomination might have occurred due to the struc-ture and type of viticulture in the past (the Apulian viticul-ture was characterized by multi-genotype vineyards up tothe XVIII century (PACICHELLI 1703) and this might havecaused errors in the variety identification). Errors in varietyidentification might have occurred also in the USA whengrape varieties were introduced. AMERINE and WINKLER (1942)reported that the names of grape varieties introduced fromEurope to California in the XIX century were confused inmany cases. Reliable documents, proving the provenanceof these cultivars, are not available and no conclusion canbe drawn on their origin. Thus analyses on the basis ofmolecular resemblance existing now for the material at handand on the basis of a large number of markers (AFLP orother molecular markers), are a more realistic approach toconfirm that the cvs Primitivo, Zinfandel and Crljenakkastelanski are the same variety or clones of the same vari-ety.Acknowledgments: We gratefully acknowledge funding ofthis research by the Camera di Commercio di Taranto and theUniversity of Bari.AMERINE, M. A.; WINKLER, A. J.; 1942: Composition and quality ofmusts and wines of California grapes. Hilgardia 15, 493-673.BOWERS, J. E.; BANDMAN, E. B.; MEREDITH, C. P.; 1993: DNA fingerprint-ing characterization of some wine grape cultivars. Am. J. Enol.Vitic. 44, 266-274.CERVERA, M. T.; CABEZAS, J. A.; SANCHEZ-ESCRIBANO, E.; CENIS, J. L.;MARTINEZ-ZAPATER, J. M.; 2000: Characterization of genetic vari-ation within table grape varieties (Vitis vinifera) based on AFLPmarkers. Vitis 39, 109-114.CERVERA, M. T.; CABEZAS, J. A.; RODRIGUEZ-TORRES, I.; CHAVEZ, J.; CABELLO,F.; MARTINEZ-ZAPATER, J. M.; 2002: Varietal diversity within grape-vine accessions of cv. Tempranillo. Vitis 41, 33-36.FANIZZA, G.; CHAABANE, R.; RICCIARDI, L.; Resta, P.; 2003: Analysis of aspontaneous mutant and selected clones of cv. Italia (Vitis vinifera)by AFLP markers. Vitis 42, 27-30.FORNECK A.; KONRADI, J.; BLAICH, R.; 2003: A genetic variation ofV. vinifera cv. Pinot noir. In: E. HAJDU, E. BARBÀS (Eds): Proc. 8thInt. Conf. Grape Genet. Breed., Kecskemét, Hungary, 23-26August 2002. Acta Hortic. 603, 167-170.MALETIĆ, E.; PEJIĆ, I.; KONTIĆ, J. K.; PILJIA, J.; DANGL, G.; VOKURKA, A.;LACOMBE, T.; MIROSEVIĆ, N.; MEREDITH, C.; 2004: Zinfandel, Dobricic,and Plavac mali: The genetic relationship among three cultivarsof the Dalmatian coast of Croatia. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 55,174-180.PACICHELLI, G. B.; 1703: Il regno di Napoli in prospettiva. Napoli.TIVANG, J. G.; NIENLIUS, J.; SMITH, O. S.; 1994: Estimation of samplingvariance of molecular marker data using bootstrap procedure.Theor. Appl. Genet. 89, 259-264.WOLFE, W. H.; 1976: Identification of grape varieties by isozymebanding patterns. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 27, 68-73.Received January 17, 2005Figure: AFLP profiles for one primer combination EcoRI (ACT)-MseI (CAG). Genotypes from left to right: (1) Primitivo-Ba.I 21,(2) Primitivo-Ba.II P6 F1, (3) Primitivo-Ma. 7, (4) Primitivo-Ve.IP16, (5) Primitivo-Ba.II P2 H3, (6) Primitivo-Ma.P24 C2, (7)Primitivo-Mu. 13, (8) Zinfandel, (9) Crljenak kastelanski, (10)Primitivo-Pi. 1, (11) Primitivo-Pa. V.

Grapevine cvs Primitivo, Zinfandel and Crljenak kastelanski: Molecular analysis by AFLP

https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.php/VITIS/article/download/4325/4276

Grapevine cvs Primitivo, Zinfandel and Crljenak kastelanski: Molecular analysis by AFLP

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)