Brühl, Carsten A.

Jeker, Lukas

Kaiser, Sibylle

Rehberg, Christine

Stahlschmidt, Peter

English

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

Hazards of pesticides to bees - 12th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group, Ghent (Belgium), September 15-17, 2014  Julius-Kühn-Archiv, 450, 2015 235 4.19 Method development of a semi-field study using micro-tunnels with the solitary bee species Osmia bicornis Christina Rehberg1, Lukas Jeker2, Sibylle Kaiser2, Peter Stahlschmidt1, Carsten A. Brühl1 1 University Koblenz-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, 76829 Landau, Germany 2 Dr. Knoell Consult GmbH, Dynamostraße 19, 68165 Mannheim, Germany Abstract Worldwide declines in honey bees and other native and managed pollinators have led to an increased global dialogue about the different aspects concerning the potential factors that may be causing these declines. One important factor under consideration is the use of pesticides and the understanding of how plant protection products are affecting the non-target insect group of pollinators Apoidea (Fischer, 2011). By now there have been recent developments in toxicity testing of plant protection products on honeybees and their brood and there are several test guidelines available for studying the potential impacts of pesticides on the honeybee Apis mellifera (e.g. OECD 213, 214, 237, 75 or EPPO 170).  In contrast to these guidelines there are no validated test procedures developed for native (non-Apis) bees like solitary bee species, stingless species or other social non-Apis bees. These groups of bees are as important for pollinating as honeybees. Furthermore, the biology and ecology of non-Apis bees differs from honeybees in several ways, including the body size, foraging behavior or in particular the nesting behavior.  Therefore, a method development for a semi-field study was planned and conducted. As test species the solitary (over Europe and North Africa widespread) bee species Osmia bicornis, the red mason bee, was used. Semi-field tests are especially important because they are designed to monitor sub-lethal effects on nesting behavior, reproduction performance or foraging behavior caused by pesticides. Furthermore, semi-field scenarios (higher tier) may provide a more realistic exposure scenario under controlled and defined conditions (crop, tunnel size and exposure duration). Therefore, the results from a semi-field test potentially provide data for a more realistic, worst-case prediction of exposure of limited duration under semi-field conditions. The method development of the semi-field study took place in four ‘micro’ tents of 4.60 m2. White mustard Sinapis alba and the scorpionweed Phacelia tanacetifolia was used as forage crop to provide pollen and nectar for the bees. The results of this method development have been presented in a poster.  References Fischer, D. and Moriarty, T. (2011) Pesticide risk assessment for pollinators: Summary of a SETAC Pellston Workshop. Pensacola FL (USA): Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC). OECD (1998): OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals: Honeybees, Acute Oral Toxicity Test, OECD Environment, Health and Safety Publications, Series on Testing and Assessment No. 75, 213 OECD (1998): OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals: Honeybees, Acute Contact Toxicity Test, OECD Environment, Health and Safety Publications, Series on Testing and Assessment No. 75, 214 OECD (2007): Guidance document on the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) brood test under semi-field conditions. OECD Environment, Health and Safety Publications, Series on Testing and Assessment No. 75, ENV/JM/MONO 22  OEPP/EPPO (2000) EPPO Standards PP 1/170(3) Efficacy evaluation of plant protection products - Side-effects on honeybees, Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 40, 313–319   

Method development of a semi-field study using micro-tunnels with the solitary bee species Osmia bicornis

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Method development of a semi-field study using micro-tunnels with the solitary bee species Osmia bicornis

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