Kazinczi, Gabriella

Kerepesi, Ildikó

Máté, Sándor

Pál-Fám, Ferenc

English

JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

Julius-Kühn-Archiv 455 | 2016HALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findings181HALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findingsEffects of different herbicide treatments on common ragweed on  wheat stubble (Hungary)Gabriella Kazinczi, Sándor Máté, Ferenc Pál-Fám, Ildikó KerepesiDepartment of Plant Production and Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Science,  Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, Guba S. str. 40,  H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; kazinczi.gabriella@ke.huDOI 10.5073/jka.2016.455.42Small plot (4 x 4 m2) experiments in four replicates were carried out. The treatments were applied according to BBCH 51 stage of common ragweed plants (end of July, directly before flowering). Evaluation of herbicide efficacy was: 7, 14 and 40 days after treatments (DAT); based on cover% of common ragweed. Six weeks after treatments we determined common ragweed seed production for a unit area. Seeds from the survived common ragweed plants were collected and their viability and germination ability was determined under laboratory conditions. Furthermore number of vi-able common ragweed seeds for a unit area was also given. Beside these  pollen production was also estimated (number of male heads/plant: considering a mean of 17 male flowers per head and of 7148 pollen/male flower; see Reisinger and Szemenyei (2006) (Table 1).Table 1. Efficacy of herbicides on wheat stubble and the effect of herbicides on the germination, seed viability, pollen and seed production of common ragweedTreatments(doses according to the per-mission documents of herbi-cides)Weed control effi-cacy (%)*Germina-tion (%)Seed vi-ability (%)Number of total/viable seeds /m2Pollen (million/m2)2012 2012 2012 2012 2012glyphosate 100 0 0 0 0mesotrione <50 2 89 11040/9826 2255fluroxypyr 80 4 82 12160/9971 1306rimsulfuron <50 3 87 3600/3132 3221nicosulfuron <50 5 77 3520/2710 174dicamba 75 1 77 8320/6406 432rimsulfuron+nicosulfuron +di-camba95 2 76 1600/1216 97imazamox 75 4 84 13280/11155 676topramesone 100 0 0 0 0topramesone+dicamba 100 0 0 0 0glufosinate-ammonium 95 2 62 2080/1290 24foramsulfuron <50 1 86 6240/5366 282tribenuron-methyl <50 4 83 12640/10491 7294florasulam+clopyralid +flu-roxypyr 85 2 70 2880/2016 537florasulam+2,4 D 90 1 74 2080/1540 1305bentazon+dicamba 95 0 76 1720/1307 233sulcotrione 90 0 86 3040/2614 760tembotrione 90 4 82 3200/2624 469untreated control 0 4 86 12480/10732 8341*weed control efficacy: 99-100%:excellent; 95-98%: very good; 90-94%: good; 75-89%: less good; under 74%: not sufficientJulius-Kühn-Archiv 455 | 2016182HALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findingsHALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findingsWeed control efficacy greatly varied depending on the treatments (<50-100%), but was similar than in previous experiments. Generally the number of viable common ragweed seeds for a square metre was higher in 2012, then in an earlier experiment (Kazinczi et al. 2010; Kazinczi and Novák, 2014). Glyphosate, topramesone, topramesone + dicamba showed 100% efficacy against common rag-weed and resulted no seed and pollen production. The seed viability and number of viable seeds greatly varied due to the different herbicide treatments. No close relation between weed control efficacy, seed and pollen production could be observed; e.g. nicosulfuron and foramsulfuron effect is under 50%, but they reduced pollen production considerably (by 98 and 97%, respectively) as compared to the untreated control plots. In some cases, when weed control efficacy was “very good” (e.g. in case of glufosinate-ammonium treatment), higher proportions of seed production/pollen production could be observed. This phe-nomenon may be an effective strategy for ragweed’s survival under stress conditions.Majority of common ragweed seeds were in dormancy during germination tests (germination% varied between 1 and 4%); this was due to the lack of stratification. In spite of low germination rates seed viability was high (between 62 and 89%, depending on herbicide treatments).ReferencesKazinczi, G.,  Pál-Fám, F., Máté, S., Hoffmann, R. (2010): The effect of stubble treatments on common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L). 15th EWRS Symposium, Kaposvár, Hungary p.209.Kazinczi, G. and Novák, R. (eds) (2014): Integrated Methods for Suppression of common Ragweed. National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-Environment, Budapest, HungaryReisinger, P. and Szemenyei Sz (2006): Pollenszám vizsgálatok eredményei Ambrosia artemisiifolia növényen. 27. Integrált termesztés a kertészeti és a szántóföldi kultúrákban. Növény-és Talajvédelmi Központi Szolgálat Kiadványa, Budapest pp.102-110. (in Hungarian)

Effects of different herbicide treatments on common ragweed on wheat stubble (Hungary)

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Effects of different herbicide treatments on common ragweed on wheat stubble (Hungary)

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