Kazinczi, Gabriella

Kerepesi, Ildikó

Novák, Róbert

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JKI Open Journal Systems (Julius Kühn-Institut)

Julius-Kühn-Archiv 455 | 2016HALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findings179HALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findingsEffects of different herbicide treatments on common ragweed in maize   (Hungary)Gabriella Kazinczi1, Róbert Novák2, Ildikó Kerepesi1Department of Plant Production and Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Science,  Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, Guba S. str. 40,  H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; kazinczi.gabriella@ke.hu;  2 National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaőrsi str. 141-145, H-1118 Budapest, HungaryDOI 10.5073/jka.2016.455.41Small plot (20 m2) experiments were carried out in  four replicates in order to study weed control efficacy on common ragweed; preemergent (PRE) treatments were done, when common ragweed phenological stage was 00-06 according to BBCH scale; postemergent (POST) treatments were done when common ragweed phenological stage was 12-16, according to BBCH scale]. Maize at PRE treatments was 00-05 BBCH; at POST treatments it was 14-16 BBCH. Weed control efficacy was evaluated 1, 4, 6 and 10 WAT (week after treatments, based on cover % of common ragweed).Seeds from the survived common ragweed plants were collected and their viability and germina-tion percent was determined under laboratory conditions. Furthermore number of viable common ragweed seeds for a unit area was also determined (see Table 1). Efficacy of herbicides on common ragweed greatly varied (between 60% and 98%) depending on herbicide type and application date (PRE, POST). Te efficacy of PRE treatments was better in 2012, as compared to that of previous years, resulting in less or no common ragweed seed production at all. This phenomenon was in close relation with the precipitation fell some days after application time in 2012. In  earlier experiments the spring was dry and in the lack of precipitation PRE herbicides – except isoxaflutole - did not gave good weed control effect (Mezei et al. 2009; Kazinczi and Novák, 2014). In 2012, not only PRE but POST herbicides gave better weed control effect also as compared to that of the previous experiments. The effect of rimsulfuron was insufficient in all experiments. Among 20 treatments in case of 14 ones no viable seeds were developed in 2012.Germination rates were much lower (1-5%) than viability percentages (56-89%), suggesting that majority of common ragweed seeds was in dormancy induced by dry storage conditions at room temperature.No close relations between weed control efficacy and seed viability was observed; e.g. some herbi-cides with lower weed control efficacy (rimsulfuron, foramsulfuron) gave higher seed viability rates.It is important observation that even in case of a “good weed control efficacy” (92%) viable common ragweed seeds can develop. Only in case of  “very good weed control efficacy” (95-98%) no viable common ragweed seeds could develop in 2012. Based on previous experiments it is believed that only 100% weed control efficacy without producing any viable seeds is acceptable for the long term common ragweed control (Mezei et al. 2009; Kazinczi and Novák , 2014). Julius-Kühn-Archiv 455 | 2016180HALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findingsHALT Ambrosia - final project report and general publication of project findingsTable 1. Efficacy of herbicides in maize, and the effect of herbicides on the germination, seed viability and seed production of common ragweedTreatments(doses according to the permission documents of herbicides)Weed control efficacy (%)*Germination (%) Seed viability (%)Number of total/viable seeds /m22012 2012 2012 2012dimethenamid-p PRE92 4 56 402/225t e r b u t h y l a z i n e PRE92 1 62 394/244mesotrione PRE 98 -** - 0isoxaflutole PRE 97 - - 0flumioxazine PRE 97 - - 0linuron PRE 92 2 70 385/270rimsulfuron POST 60 5 85 672/571dicamba POST 98 - - 02,4 D POST 96 - - 0fluroxypyr POST 97 - - 0bentazone POST 97 - - 0mesotrione POST 98 - - 0t o p r a m e s o n e POST98 - - 0sulcotrione POST 97 - - 0t e m b o t r i o n e POST98 - - 0prosulfuron POST 96 - - 0f o r a m s u l f u r o n POST65 4 89 423/376t i f e n s u l f u r o n -methyl POST97 - - 0bromoxynil POST 97 - - 0untreated control 0 0 70 3905/2734*weed control efficacy: 99-100%:excellent; 95-98%: very good; 90-94%: good; 75-89%: less good; under 74%: not sufficient -**no seeds developedReferencesKazinczi, G. and Novák, R. (eds) (2014): Integrated Methods for Suppression of common Ragweed. National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-Environment, Budapest, HungaryMezei I., Novák R., Torma M., Kovács A., Karamán J., Kazinczi G. (2009): Parlagfű elleni védekezési kísérletek kukoricában és árpában. Hungarian Weed Research and Technology 10 (1): 67-68. (in Hungarian)

Effects of different herbicide treatments on common ragweed in maize (Hungary)

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Effects of different herbicide treatments on common ragweed in maize (Hungary)

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