INTRODUCTION :
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated
fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels and disturbances in the
carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Its prevalence is increasing in the
present scenario of a stressful life style in the general population.
Abnormalities of insulin and elevated blood glucose level lead to
metabolic, vascular, neurological and immunological abnormalities.
Affected organs include cardiovascular, renal and nervous systems, eyes
and the skin. The skin is affected by both the acute metabolic
derangements and the chronic degenerative complications of diabetes.
Skin, the largest organ of the body is capable of reflecting these changes
in a striking manner and some of the cutaneous markers have been
labelled as cutaneous manifestations for this metabolic disorder. Several
studies have been conducted to assess the Skin-Diabetes relationship.
This is one such study not only to know the Skin-Diabetes relationship
but also to explore the newer manifestations with advancing knowledge
of the disease.
AIM OF THE STUDY ;
1. To study the prevalence of various dermatoses in the diabetic population.
2. To study the age, sex prevalence of diabetic patients with various dermatoses.
3. To compare the dermatoses in the Noninsulin dependent diabetes
mellitus patients with those of the Insulin dependent diabetes
mellitus.
4. To correlate the recent Glycosylated Haemoglobin level to the
common infections in diabetes mellitus patients.
5. To correlate the mean duration of diabetes mellitus in years in
relation to cutaneous manifestations in diabetics.
6. To study the occurrence of diabetic therapy induced complications.
CONCLUSIONS
1.Infections were the commonest clinical associations observed in our studies.
2. Candidiasis , dermatophytosis and primary bacterial infections were
commonly observed in NIDDM patients where as pityriasis versicolor,
erythrasma and viral infections were common in IDDM patients.
3. Balanoposthitis in men and vulvovaginitis in women were the
common clinical types of candidiasis observed.
4. A rare deep Mycosis, Rhinocerebral zygomycosis was encountered in
two uncontrolled IDDM patient.
5. Vitiligo, Oral erosive Lichen planus, Acanthosis nigricans,
Granuloma annulare were seen exclusively in IDDM group.
6. Psoriasis, Acrochordons, Localized cutaneous amyloidosis were
limited only to the NIDDM group.
7. Half of the diabetic patients with Pruritus had coexisting diabetic
neuropathy.
8. Kyrle’s disease exclusively accompanied IDDM patients with
diabetic nephropathy.
9. Autonomic and sensory neuropathy induced complications were
observed equally in NIDDM and IDDM group.
10. Motor neuropathy and its related complications like diabetic foot
ulcer were encountered commonly in IDDM group.
11. Insulin induced complications like Keloid, Lipoatrophy were
common in IDDM population than in NIDDM group
