Backstrokers acknowledge there is an apparent rhythm in swimming that is characterised by the periodic motion of the arms and legs, which must be optimally sychnronized for effective performance. However, unlike the freestyle crawl where the optimal kick-stroke ratio is established at 3:1, there is a limited understanding of the optimal ratio for backstrokers. By separating the velocity contributions of the kick and stroke, the superposition principle can be utilised to find the optimal kick-stroke ratio to maximize swimming distance, the area below the superimposed velocity curve. This paper intends to mathematically establish this ratio and thus improve the performance of backstrokers
