Possible Solutions of Water Pollution Control for Chindwin River and Major Lakes in Monywa

Abstract

This paper focuses on proposed possible solutions for water pollution control in Chindwin River and major lakes in Monywa. Field investigation and questionnaire survey were conducted to gather information about pollution sources in the previous study. The questionnaire set including eight questions being prepared according to five-point Likert rating scale, had been designed based on guidelines for Tanzania National Environmental Management Council (TNEMC). The responses from the survey were analysed by descriptive analysis, relative importance index (RII) and H statistic test. Water quality assessment on urban river water and lake water were performed. Municipal wastewater, industrial wastewater, illegal open dump of solid waste and agricultural waste were identified as major pollution sources of urban river and major lakes in previous study. Therefore, the possible solutions such as decentralized wastewater treatment (constructed wetlands, stabilization pond and bioretention), in-lake treatment techniques, soft engineering techniques and integrated solid waste management are proposed based on literature, secondary academic sources such papers, journals and other sources