9 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.Includes bibliographical references

Schmitt, Waldo L. (Waldo Lasalle), 1887-1977.

American Museum of Natural History Scientific Publications

AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATESPublished byNumber 662 THE AmERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Sept. 26, 1933New York City59.53, 84 (729.5)FOUR NEW SPECIES OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS FROMPORTO RICO'BY WALDO L. SCHMITT2Representatives of three new species of shrimps, one constitutinga new genus, and a new hermit crab were found among the Crustaceaobtained by the expedition of the New York Academy of Sciences toPorto Rico in 1915, and are described in the present paper under thefollowing names: Synalpheus osburni, Periclimenes portoricensis, Gnatho-phylloides (new genus) mineri, and Paguristes tortugae.Synalpheus osburni, new speciesFigure 1Apparently an undescribed species of the laevimanus group, belonging among thespecies in which the scaphocerite is represented by the spine alone, no trace of theblade remaining, at least in the female sex.DESCRIPTION.-The frontal margin like S. rathbunae suggests S. goodei, but therostral projection is so much longer than the lateral projections that it sets this speciesquite apart from those to which it seems most nearly related. The antennular articlesare related to one another about as 3, 1.5, 1. The superior angle of the basiceriteforms a well-marked subacute tooth or spine about in line with the extremities of thelateral projection of the front; though relatively much less developed than in S.rathbunae, the development is greater than in other American " laevimanus " species,with the possible exception of S. goodei, which differs, however, in having the scapho-cerite furnished with a scale or blade in both sexes, besides having the tubercle on thepalmar border of the large chela of different shape and armature. The spine of thescaphocerite exceeds the antennular peduncle a little, while the carpocerite exceeds itby nearly twice the length of its distal article.The large chela has a blunt, forwardly directed tubercle on the palmar border,and with considerable magnification a small spine, directed obliquely downward,may be observed on its lower side. The carpus of the small cheliped is a little lessthan half the length of the chela; the fingers are more or less two-toothed distally,there being a slight notch and adjacent low, scarcely perceptible tubercle near theextreme tip of either finger.Distally, the telson narrows markedly and is armed dorsally with two pairs oflarge prominent spines; the posterior border likewise carries four stout spines ofwhich the outer pair is the shorter; between the median pair there are in a lower rowfour long slender spines, secondarily feathered; above these, likewise inserted on theposterior margin but in an upper row, are two pairs of shorter, more slender, naked'Published with the permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.2Curator of Marine Invertebrates, U. S. National Museum.AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATESsetae of which the outer pair is the longer. The outer margin of the external branchof the uropods is armed above the tranverse suture with ten teeth, of which the lasttwo on the right outer blade and the penultimate tooth on the left one seem to havebeen broken off or injured.Fig. 1. Synalpheus osburni, new species.a, front from above; b, c, large chela, inner and outer aspects; d, small chela; e, second leg; f,third leg; g, dactyl enlarged; h, telson; i, outer margin of uropod.TYPE LoCALITY.-The type (Cat. No. 3599, A. M. N. H.), a singleovigerous female with but very few eggs remaining, of approximately15 mm. in length, was taken from inside Cayo Maria Langa, near Guay-2 [NO. 66219331 NEW DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS FROM PORTO RICO 3anilla Harbor, Porto Rico, June 25, 1915, by Dr. Raymond C. Osburn,for whom the species is named.Periclimenes portoricensis, new speciesFigure 2DESCRIPTION.-A small species that hitherto does not seem to have been recog-nized or even collected. In Kemp's arrangement of the Pontoniinael it keys out inthe first section of the subgenus Ancylocaris, among the species without a spine ortooth at the distal end of the lower border of merus of second leg, without supra-orbital and hepatic spines, and with second legs longer than the first. Thus, in his key,it is grouped with P. pusillus Rathbun from Hawaii. Our species may be distin-guished at first glance from P. pusillus by its shorter rostrum and greater number ofrostral teeth above and below. In P. pusillus the rostrum exceeds the antennularpeduncle by nearly the length of the last segment, though possessing but six teethabove and two below; the first of the dorsal teeth is slightly in advance of the hindmargin of the orbit.The rostrum of our species reaches to the middle of the third segment of theantennular peduncle or a little beyond. It is armed above with twelve teeth, of whichtwo are situated on the carapace, and below with three. The more distal inner thick-ened portion of the basal segment of the antennular peduncle, with which the secondsegment of the peduncle articulates, is quite well marked off from the thinner externallateral and basal portions of the basal segment, though not separately articulated, asmight appear from the accompanying sketch (Fig. 2b); the second and third seg-ments are about the same length, measured on the median line. The fused portion ofthe outer antennular flagella consists of but two joints; the thicker, shorter ramus hasseven free joints and the outer, thinner branch twenty-six; the inner of the twoantennular flagella has about twenty-one joints. The antennal scale is about threeand two-thirds times as long as wide, the spine and blade reach about equally farforward.The third maxilliped possesses a strong terminal claw which comprises a fullthird of the last joint, this, including the claw, is a little longer than the penultimatejoint; the antepenultimate joint is nearly as long as the two following taken together,excepting only about half the length of the terminal claw.I take the dactyl of the third and following pairs of legs to be simple. There is avery slight indication of a lobe, perhaps suggested by the rather slight sinus or veryshallow bending in of the ventral margin just before the tip of the dactyl. Thoughto a slight degree resembling the condition found in P. noverca Kemp,2 this species inother respects is quite different. If the dactyls were considered comparable to those ofP. noverca, our species, lacking a hepatic spine, would fall within the subgenus Peri-climenaeus, none of the known representatives of which it remotely resembles.The proximal pair of dorsal spines on the telson are inserted at about the middleof its length, the distal pair a little less than half the distance from the proximal pairto the end of the telson; of the three pairs of spines arming the hind margin the medianpair is quite slender and is furnished with hairs.11922, Rec. Indian Mus., XXIV, part 2, pp. 119, 137, and particularly p. 167.20p. cit., p. 162, Fig. 29d./~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r iFig. 2. Peridimenes portoricensis, new species.a carapace and front, from side; b, antennule; c, antennal scale; d, mandible; e, maxillula; f,maxilia; g, h, i, first, second, and third maxillipeds; j, first leg; k, second leg; 1, third leg; m, telson;n, tip enlarged.41933] NEW DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS FROM PORTO RICO 5TYPE LOCALITY.-Known only from the lone fenmale type (Cat. No.3676, A. M. N. H.), which is about fourteen and one-half mm. long;carapace and rostrum together about four and one-fifth mm., more orless; from Porto Rico, without specific locality data; taken July, 1914.GNATEOPHYLLOIDES, new genusFigure 3DESCRIPTION.-Closely related to Gnathophyllum, Phyllognathia, and Hymeno-cera, yet revealing a combination of characters that does not satisfactorily admit itsinclusion in any of the three known genera at present constituting the family. Gen-eral appearance much like Gnathophyllum, with a short, compressed and dentaterostrum, but with body not quite so stout; carapace differing from the other membersof this genus in that the anterior border on either side, below the antennal spine, is notproduced in advance of the spine. The rostrum of the genotype is a little damagedbut appears to be armed with three relatively stout, subequal, equidistant teeth behindthe acute tip; on the inferior margin there is a small tooth slightly behind the ex-tremity. The condition of the rostrum is such that at a break in the rdstrum above theinferior subapical tooth it is not possible to determine definitely whether or not asimilar, though very much smaller, tooth may have been present on the upper margin.In a smaller specimen with uninjured rostrum there are, as figured and describedabove, three teeth, and below a smaller tooth near the tip. The eye is stout andappears to be without the tubercle characteristic of Gnathophyllum, which is more orless developed in other representatives of the family. Iowever, it appears somewhatangulated or peaked where the inferior and anterior borders meet.The outer or third maxilliped conforms in general appearance and structure withthat of Gnathophyllum, so that on the basis of this character alone the genotype mightwell have been assigned to that genus. I cannot distinguish the notch or even a sug-gestion of it marking off the ischium from the merus, as remarked by Borradaile in hischaracterization of Gnathophyllum.' The third maxilliped is often indifferently drawnby authors, so a comparison of this point in the various species cannot be made with-out specimens. The exopodite is considerably longer than the endopodite, and soapparently differs quite markedly from all other gnathophyllids which, so far as Ihave been able to ascertain, have the exopodite shorter than the endopodite.The second maxilliped, though not unlike that of Hymenocera, most resemblesthat of Phyllognathia ceratophthalma, and distally is quite unlike the "scythe shaped"organ formed by the last two joints of this appendage in Gnathophyllum.The first maxilliped has, likewise, more the appearance of the correspondingappendage in Phyllognathia and Hymenocera than in Gnathophyllum.In Gnathophyllum the maxillula tends to become distally widened or expanded,relatively more so than in our genus where in shape and expansion it is intermediatebetween the foregoing genus and Hymenocera on one hand and Phyllognathia on theother. The mandible, likewise, seems to be of an intermediate form.More striking are the differences exhibited by the legs and the armature of thetelson. The second chelipeds have exceedingly short carpal, meral, and ischial joints,and the ambulatory legs as compared with the other genera, are remarkably short'Trans. Linn. Soc. London, (2) XVII, part 3, p. 409.AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATESand stout. They lack the relatively longer and characteristically bifid dactyls com-mon to the known species of Gnathophyllum and Phyllognathia, or the less stout, simpledactyls of the described Hymenocera. The dactyls of the ambulatory legs of the geno-type are unique within the family: short, stout, somewhat ovoid, armed with a stoutterminal claw, immediately beneath which may be found a pair of slender spines, orFig. 3. Gnathophylloides mineri, new species.a, carapace, rostrum reconstructed; b, eye; c, antennule; d, antennal scale; e, mandible; f.maxillula; g, maxilla; h, i, j, first, second, and third maxillipeds; k, major chela; 1, minor chela; m,first leg; n, ambulatory leg; o, dactyl of same more enlarged; p, telson and uropod of left side.stout, pointed setae; the lower margin of the dactyl is curved and protrudes a bitdistally and is armed throughout with a close-set row, or comb, of low conical spinesor blunt teeth. The telson differs from the characterization of this appendage, asgiven by Borradaile (loc. cit.) for the family-"The telson bears two pairs of spines6 [No. 6621933] NEW DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS FROM PORTO RICO 7at the sides, and at the end an outer short and an inner long pair of spines, a submedianpair of feathered spines and a median pointed projection "-inasmuch as the hindermargin of the telson is armed with three pairs of more or less subequal spines. Theouter pair of these spines is slightly smaller and the medial pair slightly the larger.In advance of terminal spines, but close to the hinder end, the lateral margins arearmed with two small spines on either side.GENOTYPE.-Gnathophylloides mineri, new species.Gnathophylloides mineri, new speciesFigure 3DIAGNOSIS.-As given in the generic description.SIZE.-Small, the largest, which is the type specimen (Cat. No. 6700, A. M. N. H.),being about 6 mm. long, of which the carapace and rostrum represent close to two-fifths of the length of the body, approximately 2.3 mm. One of the two paratypeshas the carapace and rostrum about 1.8 mm. long.TYPE LoCALITY.-Known only from three specimens taken fromthe coral reefs at Ballena Point, Ensenada, Porto Rico, June 12, 1915,by R. W. Miner and H. Mueller.Paguristes tortugae, new speciesFigure 4Rostrum about as broad as long at the base; of the several species of Paguristesfigured by Benedict (1901, Pls. iv, v) it is mostlike P. spinipes, though quite differentinsome respects. Falling among the species with eye-stalks, measured from the extremityof the rostral point to the end of the cornea, shorter than the distance between theanterolateral angles, P. tortugae stands nearest P. puncticeps but differs in its broader,triangular rostrum, which in P. puncticeps is more strap-shaped.The anterior portion of the carapace is slightly more than one and one-third timesas long as the greatest width across the anterolateral angles; the hinder part of thecarapace is a little more than half the length of the anterior portion, its length beingslightly more than three-fourths the width of the anterior portion.The eye-stalks exceed the length of the antennular peduncle by about the lengthof the cornea; the antennular peduncle reaches at least to the middle of the terminaljoint of the antennular peduncle or beyond; the eye-scales are armed with three spinesof which the innermost is the largest, the middle one subequal to or a little smallerthan the first, and the outermost, or third, is much smaller, and well down on theouter slope or margin of the eye-scale; its tip scarcely reaches the level of the bottomof the sinus or interspace between the first two.All the limbs are bordered by a very striking and characteristic densefringe of white hairs: on the whole extent of the upper and lower margins of theambulatory legs, and on the upper, outer border of the chelipeds including the chelae,on which the fringe is continued along the outer margin to the corneous tip of thefixed finger; the hands are pubescent but elsewhere hairs are sparse and not particu-larly noticeable except for bushy tufts on the antennal scales and the fore edge of thecarapace. A feature worthy of note is the fact that the hairs carry side branches onAMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATESeither side of the main shaft, feather-like; in this character our species is very differ-ent from the closely related species, P. puncticeps and grayi Benedict.More or less hidden by the thick fringe of hairs, the outer half of the palm andthe outer margin of the fixed finger are beset with sharp, forwardly directed, hookedspines, likewise the median area of the upper surface of the palm; inner margin ofthe hand similarly armed with three stout spines. The movable finger is aboutone and three-fourths times as long as the inner margin of the palm measured fromthe articulation. As in P. puncticeps, the inner margins of the movable fingers andpalms are quite straight, so that the chelae fit closely and snugly together when with-ASFig. 4. Paguristes tortugae.a, anterior portion to show fringes of hair and front; b, right chela, with part of pubescence andhairs removed.drawn into the shell. The carpus of the right cheliped has five large spines on theinner margin, about as many slightly smaller spines on the outer margin, and threeor four sharp spines on the anterior margin; the upper surface is more or less coarse-granulate with an approximately median row of sharp conical granules; the carpusis more than one and one-half times longer than its greatest width, thus being longerand narrower than the corresponding joint in P. puncticeps and grayi; in puncticepsit is about as wide as or slightly wider than long at the anterior end, and in grayibut very little longer than the greatest width. The merus is armed with a sharp8 [No. 6621933] NEW DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS FROM PORTO RICO 9corneous-tipped spine near the anterior end of the upper margin and three good,sharp, corneous-tipped spines on the anterior margin; otherwise general surface ofjoint is more or less scabrous, inner lower margin armed with three or four sharpspines.The merus of the first right ambulatory leg is denticulated on the anteriormargin; the carpus has a row of conical spines or tubercles on the upper margin and asomewhat irregular second row on the inner face, in line with a similar row of seven tonine spines on the inner face of the propodus, the upper margin of which is armedwith seven to eight conical, light corneous-tipped spines. About fifteen transversetuberculiform ridges ornament the upper margin of the dactyl which terminates in astrong, dark blackish-brown corneous claw. The opposite leg is similar but lessprominently spined, while the second pair of ambulatory legs are quite without spinesexcept two not very conspicuous ones among the hairy fringe, one at and the otherclose to the anterior end of the upper border of the carpus. The carpus is obscurelydenticulate on the upper border, but this pair of legs, though somewhat scabrous,is quite smooth in comparison to the first pair.TYPE LoCALITY.-Because of its larger size, an ovigerous female(Cat. No. 65840, U. S. N. M.), taken from the interstices of large Poritesclumps off the Fort Jefferson dock, Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Florida,July 13, 1931, in company with several other specimens of the samespecies, has been selected as the type. The anterior, hard portion of thecarapace of this female measures five mm. long.DISTRIBUTION.-At present known only from the Dry Tortugas andPorto Rico as noted below, but no doubt to be found more widely dis-tributed through the south Floridian and West Indian region.SPECIMENS COLLECTED.-Ensenada: entrance Guayanilla Harbor,5; entrance Montalva Bay, 1; mangrove island at Parguera, 1. NearGuanica, 1.

New decapod crustaceans from Porto Rico

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