5 p. : ill. ; 24 cm."Bibliography of original descriptions": p. 5

Brown, F. Martin (Frederick Martin), 1903-

Tate, G. H. H. (George Henry Hamilton), 1894-1953.

American Museum of Natural History Scientific Publications

AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATESPublished byNumber 653 THE AmERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Aug. 15, 1933New York City59.57, 89 PNOTES ON THE GENUS PHOEBIS AND THE DESCRIPTION OFA NEW SPECIESBy F. MARTIN BROWNSeveral years ago I published a revision of the genus Phoebis (1929,American Museum Novitates, No. 368). Since then I have had anopportunity to examine additional collections. In one made in Ecuadorby Mr. G. H. H. Tate, of The American Museum of Natural History,I found a unique male related to the species eubule but quite distinctfrom it. It is, in fact, the only clearly defined species of the genus tocome to light during the past fifty years.Phoebis tatei, new speciesFigures 1, 2, 3MALE.-The upper surface has a ground color of ochreous yellow to buff, withbroad margins of lighter chalky scales. Approximately two-thirds of the fore wingis covered by a chalky scaling which extends from the apex to the second cubitus veinand completely across the wing from the outer margin to the coastal margin includingthe cell, except the basal portion. It then runs along the outer margin to the outerangle in a band almost one-fourth the width of the wing and tapers along the innermargin almost to the base. On the hind wings the chalky area is more restricted,being almost one-eighth the width of the wing and extending along its outer marginfrom the costal margin to the second cubitus. The hind wings are noticeably emargi-nate, especially toward the anal angle where there is a tendency to a lobe. A smallgroup of brown scales forms a discal spot on the fore wing, and the discal spot of theunder surface shows through on the hind wing.The under surface is dull ochreous-yellow covered with fine wavy lines of Indianred and heavier Indian-red markings quite similar to those found on P. eubuleLinnaeus. The discal spot of the forewing is light pinkish-brown surrounded by darkbrown; that of the hind wing is double, silvery, and very narrowly margined with darkbrown. There are small dark spots along the margin at the terminal of each vein andfold. The abdomen is ochreous with a dark brown band along the dorsum. Theantennae are seal brown with narrow lighter bands at the junctions of the segments.The valvae are subtriangular, the dorsal margin smoothly rounded and sur-mounted by a small papular marginal process; the distal process is slightly prolongedand rounded at the end, which has a tendency to be bulbous. The harpes are slender,pendant, and armed on the posterior margin and the tip with short notched spines.The margin of the valvula is heavily "chitinized." The annellus is long and heavy;the juxtae are short, slender, and filamentous. The uncus is delicate, terminating in aslender, pointed digital process; the vinculum is sturdy. The saccus is heavy andFiG.2FIG. 3Fig. 1. Valva, Phoebis tatei, new species (type).Fig. 2. Uncus, etc., Phoebis tatei, new species (type).Fig. 3. Aedoeagus, Phoebis tatei, new species (type).2mni I;nlm tc-r4A NEW SPECIES OF PHOEBISlonger than the uncus. The aedoeagus is moderately stout, slightly curved, andarmed on the distal end with two or three spines.HOLOTYPE MALE.-A single specimen from Guayaquil, Ecuador, taken in May,1922, by Mr. G. H. H. Tate. Type in the collection of The American Museum ofNatural History.P. tatei more closely approaches P. eubule than it does any of theother species of the genus. It differs from eubule in the following char-acters: general color; the great extension of the chalky scaling on thefore wings; the more sharply arched costal margin of the fore wing; themore acute apex; the less curved inner margin of the fore wing; thetendency to a lobe at the anal angle of the hind wings; and the anten-nae being seal brown in tatei and magenta in eubule.On the basis of genitalia this is as distinct a species of Phoebis as anynow recognized. It differs markedly from P. eubule in the structure ofthe valvae, resembling it only in that the spines on the harpes are notched.The valvae are most like those of P. (R.) triti Linnaeus. It differs inhaving smaller harpes, which are pendant, while those of triti are erectand massive. It also differs in the lack of labides and in that the distalprocess is shorter than in triti. The uncus of tatei differs from botheubule and triti in the form of the digital process and in general build.The aedoeagus is more like that of eubule, except that it is a much lighterstructure.Phoebis editha (Butler)Figures 4, 5, 6After working up the genus in 1929, in which study I had dissectedmany males, I turned to the females and soon found that editha, which Ihad considered synonymous with thalestris Illiger and had placed as aseasonal form of that species (p. 9), was quite distinct. This led to acorrespondence with Captain N. D. Riley at the British Museum inregard to the male type. Captain Riley made a dissection of the type,and it proved to be a good species. I am reproducing in this paper a setof drawings based on the originals made for me by Captain Riley, towhom I here wish to express my gratitude. The following is a descriptionmade from these drawings.The valvae are subtriangular; the dorsal margin is smoothly concave, themarginal process long and slender, the distal process stubby and rounded, and thedisto-ventral margin smoothly rounded. The harpes are long, slender, pendant,slightly swollen at the distal end, and armed with moderately long notched spines.The uncus is long and heavy and the digital process prominent and almost straight.The vinculum is sturdy. The saccus is heavy but not quite so large as the uncus.1933] 3FIG.5FIG. 6Fig. 4. Valva, Phoebis editha (Butler) (type).Fig. 5. Uncus, etc., Phoebis editha (Butler) (type).Fig. 6. Aedoeagus, Phoebis editha (Butler) (type).Note:-Figures 4, 5 and 6 have been redrawn from the originals made for the author by CaptainN. D. Riley of the British Museum.4A NEW SPECIES OF PHOEBISThe aedoeagus is moderately stout, slightly curved throughout, with a very sharpreflexion at the distal end and armed distally with a few short, sturdy spines.The genitalia of this species may be distinguished from all others inthe genus by the combination of two characteristics on the valvae: thenotched spines on the harpes and the long slender marginal process. Iknow of no means of distinguishing the males from those of eubule. Theonly male specimen of which I know is the type. From Butler's figures('Lepidoptera Exotica,' plate XXXIX, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4), I think it wouldpay to make a carefuil examination of all male "eubule" from the islandof Hispaniola, especially the Haitian end. The fore wing of the maleeditha seems to be somewhat falcate, and the under surfaces seem to bemuch brighter orange than is usuial in eubule, although I have seen eubulethat approach it closely. Inasmuch as the females are by no means un-common, I believe that a diligent search will uncover additional malespecimens of this obscure species. An examination of the genitalia canbe made in situ by carefully brushing the scales from one of the valvaeand determining the form of the process on the dorsal margin of thatorgan. In eubule it is mammillate and low; in editha it is long and slender.A CORRECTIONIn my revision, 1929, American Museum Novitates, No. 368, p. 13,I stated that Prestonia clarki Schaus was possibly a synonym of Phoebisargante Fabricius. I have since seen the type and it is a distinct genusand species unrelated to anything else in the Neotropical fauna.BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ORIGINAL DESCRIPTIONSargante FABRICIUS, 1775, 'Syst. Ent.,' p. 470, No. 116.clarki SCHAUS, 1920, Proc. U. S. N. M., LVII, p. 109.editha BUTLER, 1870, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 10, No. 4.eubule LINNAEUS, 1766, 'Syst. Nat.,' II, p. 764, No. 102.tatei BROWN, new species.thalestris ILLIGER, 1802, 'Magazin,' I, p. 207, No. 31.1933] 5

New species of Phoebis

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American Museum of Natural History Scientific Publications