p. 99-106 ; 24 cm.Includes bibliographical references

Adney, Tappan, 1868-1950.

Allen, J. A. (Joel Asaph), 1838-1921.

New Brunswick Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History (1893)

Rowley, Charles P.

Rowley, John, 1866-1928.

American Museum of Natural History Scientific Publications

Article III.-NOTES ON MAMMALS FROM NEW BRUNS-WICK, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIESOF EVOTOMYS.By J. A. ALLEN.The present paper is based on a collection of about 175specimens, representing 2I species. The collection is one of theresults of an expedition sent out by the Museum to New Bruns-wick, primarily for the purpose of securing proper accessoriesfor a 'Moose Group,' now in process of preparation, the otherresults of the enterprise being incidental to the main purpose.The expedition was in charge of Mr. John Rowley, Jr., Chief ofthe Department of Taxidermy, who was accompanied by hisbrother, Mr. Charles P. Rowley, as a volunteer assistant. Mr.E. T. Adney also accompanied the party, rendering material aidand contributing to the success of the expedition.About six weeks were spent in the field (Sept. 15 to Nov. i,I893), in the Tobique River region of New Brunswick. The areatraversed extended from Andover, on the St. Johns River, to theFork of the Tobique River, and tlhence to Trousers Lake,' adistance of about severity-five miles.The district is strictly Canadian, as shown by both the mam-mals and the birds obtained, among the latter being such formsas Parus hudsonicus, Perisoreuis canadensis, Loxia leucop/era,Picoides arcticus, Dendirag-opus ctnadensis, and Bonasa umbe/lustogatus, of nmost of which good series were collected. The forestis wholly second-growth, the original growth having been longsince removed by lumbermen.While the number of species of mammals actually taken on theexpedition is only 2I, Mr. John Rowley, to whom I am indebtedfor all of the field notes given in the following list, has kindlyfurnished me with interesting information respecting a number ofother species, which it has been thought best to place on recordI This lake is said to have received its name from its resemblance in outli'ne to a pair oftrousers.[99]IOO Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. VI,in the present connection. His notes are distinguished by beinginclosed in marks of quotation, and followed by the initial " R."I. Cariacus virginianus (Bodd.). VIRGINIA DEER.-" Notcommon in the region of Trousers Lake, but found chiefly lowerdown the river, near clearings."-R.2. Alces machlis (Linn.). MoosE.-A finie old bull waskilled by Mr. Rowley, for the Museum' Moose Group,' at GulquacLake. A skeleton of another old male was also obtained, forwhich the Museum is indebted to the Hon. John Costigan ofOttawa." Moose were of frequent occurrence in the Trousers Lakeregion, having considerably increased during the last ten years,in consequence of legal protection."-R.3. Rangifer tarandus caribou (Kerr). WOODLAND CARI-BOU.-"Common everywhere, being found as far down the St.Johns River as Woodstock."-R.4. Vespertilio gryphus F. Cuvier. BROWN BA1r.-Onespecimen, Trousers Lake, Sept. 28. Others were seen.I follow Dr. Harrison Alleni (Mon. N. Am. Bats, 1893 (March,1894), p. 75) in discarding the name Vespertilio subulatus Say, solong in use for this species, as indeterminable, and in any caseinapplicable to the present species.5. Blarina talpoides (Gapper). SHORTI-TAILEI) SHREW.-One specimen, Andover, Oct. 28.6. Sorex forsteri Rich. FORS1TER'S SHREW.-A series of r Ispecimens is provisionally referred to this species, with theoriginal description of which they seem sufficiently to agree.The average of the measurements taken from the fresh specimensby the collector is as follows: Total length, 99.5 mm. (3.92 in.);head and body, 70 mm. (2.75 in.); tail, 45 mm. (I.77 in.); hindfoot, 12.5 mm. (.50 in.).On the proper name ail relations of this species, cf Miller, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.,XXVI, p. I85, March, 894I1894.] Al/en on Mammals from New Brunswick. I 01" Apparently common everywhere, in all sorts of situa-tions."-R.7. Scalops aquaticus (Linn.). COMMON MOLE.-" A mole,probably of this species, was evidently common about the settle-ments. No specimens were taken, but from the descriptionsobtained of it, it was not the Star-nosed Mole (Condylura cris-tata)." -R.8. Lepus americanus Erxl. VARYING HARE.-This speciesis represented by 5 specimens taken Oct. 27 and 30, by 9 speci-mens taken Nov. I4-I8, and by 15 specimens taken at variousdates from Nov. 24 to Dec. 14, all at or near Andover. All,except the five first mentioned, were taken by Mr. A. Lockwood,after the return of the expedition. The 29 specimens form aseries fully illustrating the autumnal change from the brownsummer pelage to the white coat of winter. As this series, com-bined with other material in the Museum Collection, forms thesubject of a 'special paper on the seasonal change of color inthis species, to be published later in this volume, it is only neces-sary to note in the present connection-that the specimens in whichthe character of the summer coat is still well shown present awide range of variation in coloration-from pale-yellowish brownto deep-reddish brown, more or less strongly varied with blackin different individuals.Mr. Rowley informs me that this Hare is locally common inthe region visited, being confined mainly to the cedar swamps.9. Erethizon dorsatus (Linn.). CANADA PORCUPINE.-Two specimens, Fork of Tobique, Sept. 20.IO. Zapus insignis Miller. NORTHERN JUMPINGC MOUSE.-'I'hree specimens, Tobique River, Sept. 2I and Oct. 9." Not an uncommon species in the long grass of the clearings,but they seemed to avoid the traps."-R.I I. Mus decumanus Pal/as. BROWN RA F.-One speci-men, Andover, OCt. 29.I 02 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. VI,I2. Mus musculus Linn. HOUSE MOUSE.-Andover. Sev-eral specimens, caught in the fields.13. Sitomys americanus canadensis Miller.1 CANADIANWHITE-FOOTED MOUSE.-A series of 24 specimens is typicallyreferable to S. a. canadensis, now for the first time represented inthe Museum Collection. Nearly all are in the plumbeous coat,one only being fully adult. This form, as pointed out by Mr.Miller (1. c.), differs notably from the common White-footedMouse of southern New England and further south."Very common about piles of logs in lumber camps, but alsofound generally distributed."-R.14. Arvicola riparius Ord. MEADOW MOUSE.-Representedby 29 specimens, of which the greater part are immature; twoof the adults are very strongly reddish brown."All of the specimens taken at Trousers Lake were trapped inthe evergreen forests; at the Forks of the Tobique they werefound only in the cleared land."-R.15. Arvicola chrotorrhinus Miller.' R U F O U S- N OS E DMEADOW MOUSE.-One specimen, y ad., Trousers Lake, N. B.,Oct. 7, I893.This specirnen has been identified as above by Mr. Miller, whohas compared it with the tYpes of his A. chrotorrhinus from theWhite Mountains of New Hampslhire, the only other localityfrom which it is thus far known. Mr. Miller's specimens weretaken near the summit of Mt. Washirngton, N. H., July 12-I5,1893, hence nearly three months before the one above recorded." This specimen was taken in a small opening in the sprucewoods. Two others were taken, but were so badly mutilated bythe traps that they were not saved."-R.I6. Evotomys gapperi (Vig.). RED-BACKED MOUSE.-Represented by a series of 40 specimens, of which about one-half-are adult and the rest in various stages of immaturity. Onehas a conspicuous patch of white on the back, due to'albinism.I Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, VIII, [893, p. 55.2 Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hlist., XXVI, p. igo, March 24, I894.I 894.] Al/en on Mammals from New Brunswick. I03" This is the common Mouse of the region, being foundabundantly everywhere, but perhaps rather more numerously inthe spruce woods than in the clearings."-R.I7. Evotomys fuscodorsalis, sp. nov.Smaller than E. gap5eri, and very differently colored, but similar in propor-tions. Middle of dorsal region, from crown to base of tail, dusky brown,forming a broad blackish dorsal area; sides light, rather ashy, mouse-gray;below light whitish gray, the hairs dark plumbeous for their basal two-thirds,apically whitish gray. Ears prominent, clothed with short brown hair. Forefeet light gray; hind feet dusky gray. Tail bicolored, above dusky brown,blackish at the extreme tip; lower surface light whitish ashy.The ,two specimens measure as follows:' A, total length, 129 mm. (5.o6in.); head and body, 89 mm. (3.50 in.); tail, 40 mm. (I.56 in.); hind foot, i6.5mm. (.65 in.); ear from crown, 7.6 mm. (.30 in.); Y, total length, I27 mm.(s.oo in.); head and body, 90 mm. (3.56 in.); tail, 37 mm. (I.44 in.); hindfoot, I8 mm. (.70 in.); ear from crown, 7.6 mm. (.30 in.).Skull, 8 ad.-Total length (front border of nasals to occip. cond.), 23.4 mm.(.92 in.); basal length (inner base of incisors to occip. cond.), 20.5 mm.(.8i in.); greatest zygomatic breadth, 12.7 mm. (.5o in.); greatest width ofbrain-case, II.7 mm. (.46 in.); least interorbital breadth, 4 mm. (.i6 in.);length of nasals, 9.4 mm. (.37 in.); length of anterior palatine foramen, 4.3mm. (.I7 in.); length of crown surface of upper molar series, 8.i mm. (.22 in.);length of lower jaw (point of incisors to post. edge of cond.), 10.7 mm.(.42 in.); height at coronoid process, 4.3mm. (.7 in.).Type, No. q 0 ad., Trousers Lake, N. B., Oct. 17, I893; C. P. andJ. Rowley.rhis species is based on two specimens, male and female, takenat TIrousers Lake, Oct. I7. Although fuLll grown, neither isapparently very old.In coloration this species strongly resembles the species ofPhenaco;nys, to which genus it was presuimed to be referable untilan examination was made of the skull and dentition, which showthat it is clearly referable to Evotomiiys. It therefore does notrequire comparison with any other species of the genus. Thepattern of coloration is the same as in E. gapperi, the red color ofthe back in that species being replaced with blackish brown in E.I Measurements, except of ear, from the fresh specimens, by the collector.104 Bulletin Amer-ican Museum of Natural History. [Vol. VI,fuscodorsalis. As regards size, E. gapperi from the same localityaverages considerably larger, io adults averaging as follows:Total length, 144 mm. (5.67 in.); head and body, Iroi Inm.(3.97 in.); tail, 43 mm. (1.70 in.); hind foot, 20.3 mm. (.8o in.).i8. Fiber zibethicus (Linn.). MUSKRAT.-Trousers Lakeand vicinity of Andover, Sept. 28-Oct. 27. A series of IO speci-mens." Abundant in all suitable localities."-R.I9. Tamias striatus lysteri (Rich.). NORTHERN CHIP-MUNK.-One specimen, Trousers Lake, Oct. 15." Common lower down the river, and probably also on thehardwood ridges about Trousers Lake. This, however, wias theonly one seen, probably owing to the lateness of the season."-R.20. Sciurus hudsonius Pallas. RED SQUIRREL.-Repre-sented by a series of 14 specimens, taken at various localities,Sept. 23 to Oct. 17. All are in rather thin pelage, molting fromthe summer to the winter coat. The black lateral line is moreor less distinct in all."Common everywhere, sometimes probably a hundred beingseen in a single day."-R.2I. Sciuropterus volucella sabrinus (Shaw). FLYINGSQUIRREL.-" More or less common."-R.22. Arctomys monax Gmel.-" Not uncommon about thesettlements."-R.23. Castor canadensis Kuhl. BEAVER.-A fine specimen,now in the mounted collection of the Museum, was taken Oct.20 on the Tobique River." Now becoming scarce. Saw but one fresh beaver dam, butremains of old ones were frequently met with."-R.24. Ursus americanus Pal/as. BLACK BEAR.- " Moreplentiful near the settlements than in the forests. We were muchannoyed by bears destroying our sable traps."-R.I 894.] Allen on Mamma/s from NVew Brunswick.25. Procyon lotor (Linn.). RACCOON.-" Quite common.Thirty were taken by Mr. John Costigan of Ottawa, who wastrapping here, during the six weeks of our stay in the region."-R.26. Lutra hudsonica (Lacep.). OTTER.-" Not uncommon.Many are caught for their fur by trappers."-R.27 Mephitis mephitica (Shaw). SKUNK.-" Found atAndover and Riley Brook, but apparently not common."- R.28. Lutreola vison (Schreber). MINK.-The collection con-tains three specimens taken at Trousers Lake."Not uncommon."-R.29. Putorius erminea (Linn.). ERMINE; WEASEL.-TWOspecimens, in summer pelage, taken at Trousers Lake, Sept. 30and Oct. I5.30. Mustela pennanti Erx/. BLACK CAT; FISHER.--"Not uncommon. One of the animals forming the chief de-pendence of the trappers in their pursuit of furs."-R.31. Mustela americana Turton. MARTEN; AMERICANSABLE.-TWO specimens, Trousers Lake, Oct. 7 and io. Bothare very richly colored, the breast patch being deep orangeochre." This is one of the most abundant of the fur-bearing spe-cies."-R.32. Vulpes fulvus (Desm.). RED Fox; SILVER Fox.-"Common about the clearings. The 'Silver' or ' Cross' Fox isfrequently taken, but the common form is of course much themore abundant."-R.Mr. Rowley informs me that the Gray Wolf (Canis lupusgriseo-albus) has been, so far as he could learn from extendedinquiries, quite extinct in this region for many years. Even oneof the oldest Indian trappers he met had never seen one.IO5i o6 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. VI.]33. Lynx canadensis Raf. CANADA LYNX.-" Reputed tobe not uncommon."-R." The Panther (Fe/is concolor) is said to occur, but no satisfac-tory evidence of its present existence in the region wasobtained."-R.

Mammals from New Brunswick

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