The topic of assuming the genitive by reason of adjacency ????? ??? ?????? is one of the most important topics in Arabic grammar and Arabic language in general. The topic is multi-dimensional and has roots and examples in grammar, morphology and rhetoric, and early Arab grammarians made no separation among all these fields; rather they were all dealt with under the heading "Assuming Adjacency or Contingency" It may also be worth noting that preference in translation is given to the term "adjacency" because of frequent use in modern linguistic studies in English, though it relates only to one type which is the morphological; whereas in Arabic ,it includes all the linguistic levels, lexical., phonological, morphological and syntactic levels. This may be of utmost importance to contemporary non-Arab grammarians , especially those who are still going around the "orphan" morphological level
