The gut microbiome is comprised of the shared genome of the trillions of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal ecosystem. The interaction between the host and its gut microbiome, the Gut-Bran Axis (GBA), is a complex relationship whose management could prove critical to preventing or treating not only various gut disorders, like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or behavioral health disorders such as general depression and anxiety, but also central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as Alzheimer\u27s (AD) and Parkinson\u27s (PD) diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize what is currently known about the gut microbiome, how it is connected to the development of disease pathology and to identify the bacterial and biochemical targets/pathways that should be the focus of future research. In identifying, exploring, and understanding the mechanisms behind the activity and propagation of the gut microbiome, this will provide us new insights that are likely to pave the way for increased novel therapeutic strategies
