Tradução, para a língua inglesa dos resumos dos artigos incluídos no número 12 da Revista Lusófona de Educação

Adão, Aurea

Brás, José Viegas

Fernandes, Rogério

Flecha García, Consuelo

Hernandez Díaz, José Maria

Mimoso, Anabela

Mogarro, Maria João

Pintassilgo, Joaquim

Remédios, Maria José

Robert, André

English

Universidade Lusófona: Revistas científico-culturais

 Revista Lusófona de Educação, 12, 2008Revista Lusófona de Educação200António Sérgio: biographical notesRogério FernandesThe present essay aims at rebuilding the life of António Sérgio within the great lines of his biography, relating his professional, political and pedagogical activities along his eighty-six years of life. It is a first biografical summary of the great rationalist writer of ideas, in the contrasts of his own contra-dictions. Sérgio was a complex personality, whose misfortunate life, sometimes painful, isn’t directly reflected  in his essays. It is necessary, on the contrary, to look for his profile in other sources, mainly the epis-tolographic, which are fortunately largely printed.Key words: professional activities; politics; pedagogy; Geneva; educational plans.Gaullism and human capital, a new school paradigmAndré Robert Reformer of institutions, founder of the 5th Republic (1958), the general de Gaulle was also the reformer of the French educa-tional system, at a moment when all the pre-vious attempts of reforms since 1945 had failed. He tried to impose new one paradigm centred on  principles of ‘massification’ / se-lection, and mainly articulated - although in a rather implicit way - in the economic the-ory of Human Capital, widely spread at the international level. The article examines the school policy organized on this base (with various ministers and several influential ad-visers) during ten years (1958-1968). If this policy succeeds in the democratization of the selection, what constitutes an unmistakable progress in terms of justice and initial equal-ity, it fails largely in the democratization of the success at school (chances of access of the most discriminated pupils to the most prestigious sectors).Key words: de Gaulle, educational system, Human Capital; democratization; the selec-tion.The forward memory, and … the rest is lotery of the examinations.  the secondary school reform teaching of 1947Áurea Adão & Maria José dos RemédiosIn 1947, the promulgation of a reform-ing grammar school (lycée) law, preceded and proceeded by major legal devices, fits in with the educational policy of the New State, which was then confronted with the problem of the secondary education iden-tity, and especially of the Grammar School (Lycée). At the time, the National Assembly was a political space where the speeches calling into evidence the measures of gov-ernance of Oliveira Salazar, and sometimes, simultaneously, made public the existing re-alities. Furthermore, within the constraints which were imposed, the regularly press performed the main tool for a wider dis-semination of the adopted policies. Using as primary sources the Historic Archive of the Ministry of Education documentation, the National Assembly meeting Actes and press articles, with this study we seek to focus on: the process of 1947’s preparing reform, the contents of the speeches and the feelings of parliamentarians related to the function-ing of the Grammar School (Lycée); the role played by some newspapers, with the publi-cation of articles, studies and news that nat-urally contributed to the training and infor-mation of the public opinion on the meaning and value of the Grammar School (Lycée) and its reform.Key words: History of education; educa-tional policy; Grammar School (Lycée); New State.The rural school in Spain under the early Franco yearsJosé María Hernández Díaz Alter the Spanish civil war final (1936-1939) we see in Spain a harsh repression against all republican and socialist educative professional training practices and personal behaviours. At the same time, because of the Revista Lusófona de EducaçãoAbstractsRevista Lusófona de Educação201loneliness in front of external countries, the inside economical survival and ideological building of the new fascist state, Spain be-come a rural country. The rural school will fill a central and leading position inside the new educational pattern Franco regime. It will be the heart for the new Spanish fascist and catholic primary education.Key words: Spain; fascist state; rural school. The teacher association of the portu-guese secondary school level during the republican period and its press – the teachers’ representations on their pro-fession and the building of identitiesJoaquim PintassilgoThe purpose of this article is the study of the role of teacher association and re-spective press concerning the production of representations regarding the teacher profession and related identity on the sec-ondary teachers’ school level. These are the questions we will try to answer: Which are believes and values to share? What kind of teacher association is supposed to be achieved?  Which are the sketched concerns, claiming and ways of struggle? The main sources for this work are the periodicals of the three major active associations during the republican period that will be the focus of this analysis.Key words: profession; association; repre-sentations; identity.Women Teachers in Institutes of the Second Education: Access and Charac-teristics in SpainConsuelo Flecha GarcíaThe article offers a synthesis of the proc-ess towards the feminine majority presence that has concerned the official professorship of the second education in Spain. From the origin of the women’s incorporation to the teaching baccalaureate that was given in the Institutes in the second decade of the 20th century, up to the generalization of her pres-ence from the General Law of Education of 1970. It approaches the circumstances that allowed and accompanied the women’s in-corporation as teachers on the Institutes of The Second Education. The expectations of a professional qualified work, the desire and the need of that her studies had a personal and social utility, and the decision to put for her part all the effort that it was needing, made possible that they were managing to occupy with rigor and with recognition a legitimate space also for the women. This allowed transformations and symbolic sig-nificant displacements in periods and politi-cal moments in which her presence had not been foreseen in many of the places along which they were passing.Key words: Women; Secondary Education; Women Teachers; History; Spain.Hygiene and the government of souls: the awakening of a new relationship José BrásHygiene initiated a new process of a psy-chological emphasis. Hygiene invaded so-ciety and drugs became part of the living habits and introduced the duty of health, leading each person to take care of one’s self. Hygiene is nothing more than a knowl-edge that has allowed a new salvation, a new exercise of regulation and surveillance. It’s a knowledge that has structured society, transforming the population and each one in particular. This changing process has re-quired from all of us a search of improve-ment from a new matrix, a new imaginary. A new mental world was created, new ways of thinking, feeling and acting were introduced in people’s lives, and for this very reason we can say that a new soul was raised. From this new knowledge (which becomes power), each one questioned himself (thought) and built differently. In this sense, hygiene also is “psi” knowledge.Key words: Health; Surveillance; Govern-ment; Body; Physical education. Revista Lusófona de Educação, 12, 2008Revista Lusófona de Educação202Comemorations, rituals and routines in teachers training (1959-1989)Maria João MogarroThis article analyzes the commemorations, rituals and routines that marked the exis-tence of an institution of teachers training, the Escola do Magistério Primário de Por-talegre (1959 - 1989). The analysis of the discourses that the institution and the edu-cative actors produced about the school life also becomes possible the knowledge of the values, norms and rules that fitted the pro-cesses of formation and the professional ac-tivity. The considered chronological period encloses two phases, one previous to 1974 and other that followed the Revolution of the 25 of April, having the School functioned under two opposite politician-ideological regimes. This institution established a stron-gly disciplinary regimen, established in the basic values of the conservative catholicism and the nationalism, and developed control mechanisms on the behaviours and attitu-des; after 1974, this dimension of the school life passed to be marked by the principles of freedom and autonomy. Some sources of information were used, such as archive do-cuments, articles of the pedagogical press, photographs, didactic materials, works of pupils and interviews with the director, pro-fessors and pupils.  Key words: rituals; values; control; autono-my; discipline; teachers training.Proverbs: a source for the history of educationAnabela Mimoso Though usually having an erudite origin, proverbs ended up being acknowledged by the people who divulge and preserve them from forgetfulness. Under the form of a sen-tence, they enclose millennial knowledge and appeal to us, even today, by their sharp-ness of thought and their beautiful similes. It is time History of Education devotes itself to the importance the general public have given to this knowledge and be aware of how it understood the teaching/learning process. The study analyzed the content of the proverbs and contrary to what was ex-pected, came to the conclusion that prov-erbs give education a great importance, ex-pressed not only by the number of proverbs dedicated to it (411), but also by the good references they contain.Key words: Paremiology; education; proverbs.

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