Impact of weather on sunflower grain yield

Abstract

Suncokret je vrlo vrijedna poljoprivredna i ratarska kultura. To je biljka koja je pogodna za ljudsku prehranu i za prehranu stoke. Kultivirani suncokret je jednogodišnja ratarska kultura koja porijeklom dolazi sa jugozapada sjeverne Amerike, Perua i Meksika. U Hrvatskoj je suncokret najvažnija uljna kultura. Suncokret se u Hrvatskoj uglavnom uzgaja na istoku Hrvatske, odnosno u istočnoj Slavoniji i Baranji. Prinosi suncokreta kreću se oko 2,68 t/ha, a na sortnoj listi Republike Hrvatske nalazi se 70 registriranih hibrida suncokreta. Suncokret je biljka koja je osjetljiva na uzgoj u monokulturi i iz tog razloga potrebno je poštivati minimalno 5 – 6 godišnji plodored. Najpogodnije pretkulture za suncokret su pšenica i druge žitarice, a kukuruz je slabiji predusjev zato što ostaci hebricida mogu imati štetno djelovanje na suncokret. Za uspješan rast potrebno mu je puno svjetlosti i minimalna temperatura klijanja od 3°C.Sunflower is a very valuable agricultural and arable crop. It is a herb that is suitable for human consumption and for feeding livestock. Cultivated sunflower is a one-year-old arable crop native to the southwest of North America, Peru and Mexico. Sunflower is the most important oil crop in Croatia. Sunflower is mainly grown in Croatia in the east of Croatia, ie in Eastern Slavonia and Baranja. Sunflower yields are around 2.68 t / ha and there are 70 registered sunflower hybrids on the varietal list of the Republic of Croatia. Sunflower is a plant that is susceptible to cultivation in monoculture and for this reason, a minimum of 5-6 years of crop rotation must be observed. The most suitable pre-crops for sunflower are wheat and other cereals, and maize is a weaker precursor because residues of hebicide can have a deleterious effect on sunflower. Successful growth requires a lot of light and a minimum germination temperature of 3°C