An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding two commercially available direct-fed microbials (DFM) on finishing steer performance fed steam-flaked corn based diets. Dietary treatments included a control diet without DFM, and two commercially available products (10-G and Bovamine). No significant differences were observed among treatments for animal performance or carcass characteristics. However, numeric advantages were observed for ADG and feed efficiency when cattle were fed a DFM

Furman, Stephanie A, Furman

Jenkins, Karla H.

Kreikemeier, Kelly K.

Luebbe, Matt K.

English

DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska

University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports Animal Science Department 2013 Effects of Feeding Microbial Feed Additives on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Steers Fed Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets with Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles Matt K. Luebbe University of Nebraska - Lincoln, mluebbe2@unl.edu Karla H. Jenkins Panhandle Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska, kjenkins2@unl.edu Stephanie A. Furman Furman University of Nebraska-Lincoln, sfurman2@unl.edu Kelly K. Kreikemeier University of Nebraska - Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr  Part of the Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons, Meat Science Commons, and the Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons Luebbe, Matt K.; Jenkins, Karla H.; Furman, Stephanie A. Furman; and Kreikemeier, Kelly K., "Effects of Feeding Microbial Feed Additives on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Steers Fed Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets with Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles" (2013). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 730. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr/730 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Page 66 — 2013 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report  © The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.  All rights reserved.Effects of Feeding Microbial Feed Additives on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Steers Fed Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets with Wet Distillers Grains Plus SolublesMatt K. LuebbeKarla H. JenkinsStephanie A. FurmanKelly Kreikemeier1SummaryAn experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding two com-mercially available direct-fed microbials (DFM) on finishing steer performance fed steam-flaked corn based diets. Dietary treatments included a control diet without DFM, and two commer-cially available products (10-G and Bovamine ). No significant differences were observed among treatments for animal performance or carcass charac-teristics. However, numeric advantages were observed for ADG and feed effi-ciency when cattle were fed a DFM.IntroductionMicrobial feed additive products are available for use by the feedlot industry. They are commonly referred to as direct-fed microbials (DFM). These products may include viable cultures of bacteria and/or fungi, and feeding them may improve F:G and ADG in beef cattle (Journal of Animal Science, 81:E120-E132). There are two modes of action often reported for DFM’s. One mode of action is the competitive exclusion of pathogenic organisms in the lower gut, the second may be mitigation of ruminal acidosis by altering ruminal fermentation end-products (reducing lactic acid). Sev-eral dietary and management factors may have an influence on the effect of DFM’s: corn processing method, dietary energy content, byproduct in-clusion, use of ionophores. Addition-ally, cattle type (calf-fed vs. yearlings) may increase or decrease the response of the DFM. Many individual DFM products have been evaluated but direct comparisons of these products are limited. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to evaluate the effect of two different commercially avail-able DFM products, and a control diet without DFM on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing cattle. ProcedureYearling crossbred steers (n = 174; BW = 890 ± 63 lb) were blocked into two BW blocks, stratified by BW with-in block, and then assigned randomly within strata to a total of 18 pens (six replications/treatment). Steers were limit fed a diet that consisted of 50% corn silage, 25% WDGS, and 25% alfalfa hay (DM basis) at 2% of BW for five days to reduce variation in gut fill. Steers were individually weighed for two consecutive days (days 0 and 1) after the limit feeding period and the average of the two weights was used as initial BW. Steers in the heavy BW block were implanted with Compo-nent TE-S on day 0, steers in the light BW block were implanted with Com-ponent TE-IS on day 0 and reimplant-ed with Component™ TE-S on day 49 (Elanco Animal Health; Greenfield, Ind.). The three dietary treatments included 1) control (CON), 2) 10-G, which includes five strains of lactic acid bacteria (Enterococcus faecium , Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacil-lus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilac tici; Life Products, Inc., Norfolk, Neb.), and 3) Bovamine® (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Propionibacterium freudenreichii; Nutritional Physiology Co., Overland Park, Kan.). To apply the dietary treat-ments, all pens were fed 0.79 lb DM of fine ground corn, or fine ground corn containing the DFM. The fine-ground corn carrier was top-dressed in the bunk immediately after feeding. The 10-G was fed to achieve a target of 650 million colony forming units (cfu)/head/day and Bovamine was fed at 1.3 billion cfu/head/day. The amount of DFM product fed in this study represents 130% of label directions to ensure adequate bac terial counts were offered. Original packets of DFM were opened and weighed into vials for daily feeding. Original product and vials containing product were stored frozen at -5°C until fed. During mix-ing and feeding the DFM, separate color-coded mixing containers and gloves were used to prevent cross-contamination of treatments. Cattle were adapted to the finish-ing diet in 20 days with corn replac-ing corn silage and alfalfa hay. The finishing diet consisted of (DM basis) 62% steam-flaked corn (29 lb/bu), 25% wet distillers grains plus solubles, 7% alfalfa hay, and 6% liquid supple-ment. Supplement was formulated to provide 30 g/ton Rumensin and a minimum of 90 mg/head/day Tylan® (Elanco Animal Health; Greenfield, Ind). Ingredient samples were collect-ed weekly and composited for nutrient analysis. Samples of each DFM were enumerated at a commercial labora-tory before the experiment began, and again on day 35 and day 89.Cattle were harvested at a com-mercial abattoir (Cargill Meat Solu-tions, Fort Morgan, Colo.) on day 97 (heavy BW block) and 114 (light BW block). Hot carcass weight and liver abscess scores were obtained on the day of slaughter. Following a 48-hour chill, USDA marbling score, 12th rib fat depth, and LM area were recorded. © The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.  All rights reserved. 2013 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report  — Page 67 Yield grade was calculated using HCW, 12th rib fat depth, LM area, and KPH (2.5 + (2.5 x 12th rib fat) + (0.2 x KPH) + (0.0038 x HCW) – (0.32 x LM area)). Carcass weight was adjusted to a common dressing percentage (63%) to calculate final BW, and then Table 1.  Bacterial counts of direct fed microbials. Direct Fed Microbial110-G BOVPre-trial  Lactic acid bacteria2  Total propionibacteria3day 35  Lactic acid bacteria  Total propionibacteriaday 89  Lactic acid bacteria  Total propionibacteria3.6 x 109 cfu/g—3.7 x 109 cfu/g—3.2 x 109 cfu/g—5.8 x 107cfu/g1.6 E x 1010cfu/g8.5 x 107cfu/g1.6 x 1010cfu/g5.9 x 107 cfu/g1.7 x 1010 cfu/g 110-G = 5 strains of lactic acid bacteria (10-G®), BOV = L. acidophilus plus propionibaterium freudenreichii (Bovamine).2Lactic acid bacteria counts using MRS agar.3Propionibacteria counts using sodium lactate agar.Table 2.  Performance and carcass characteristics of cattle fed direct fed microbials.ItemDietary Treatments1SEM P-valueCON 10-G BOVPerformance  Initial BW, lb  Final BW, lb2  ADG, lb2  DMI, lb/day  F:G289214224.8728.45.8389014274.9428.45.7589014244.9128.35.76280.070.20.090.770.800.600.720.56Carcass  HCW, lb  12th Rib fat depth, in  Marbling3  Calculated yield grade  Liver abscess, %  LM area, in28960.575413.4210.812.98990.605243.4914.512.88980.575233.4219.313.050.02100.047.00.30.800.270.170.250.490.651Dietary treatments: 10-G = 5 strains of lactic acid bacteria (10-G®), BOV = L. acidophilus plus propionibaterium freudenreichii (Bovamine), CON = control.2Calculated using hot carcass weight and 63% dressing percent.3Marbling score: 500 = Small00, 600 = Modest00. daily gain and feed efficiency were determined. Data were analyzed as a randomized block design using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, N.C.). Pen was the experi-mental unit with BW block as a ran-dom effect. ResultsThe nutrient composition of the finishing diet used in this experiment was 14.5% CP, 5.4% ether extract, 0.81% K, 0.58% Ca, 0.38% P, and 0.20% S. Bacterial counts for the DFM products analyzed on day 35 and 89 were similar to the original counts before trial initiation (Table 1). Therefore, the feeding rate of the DFM would have achieved targeted levels throughout the duration of the experiment. There were no significant differences (P > 0.55) for DMI, final BW, ADG, and F:G among treat-ments (Table 2). However, there were numeric advantages for ADG and feed efficiency when a DFM was fed, which is similar to previous observations when more replicates are used. Com-pared to steers fed the control diet, feeding 10-G and Bovamine resulted in a 1.8% and 1.2% improvement in feed efficiency (respectively; calculat-ed based on G:F). Hot carcass weight, marbling score, 12th rib fat depth, incidence of liver abscesses, yield grade, and LM area were not different (P ≥ 0.16) among treatments. In summary, there were no signifi-cant differences for performance among treatments. However, the numerical differences observed in the current experiment support previous research that show small improve-ments in animal performance when a DFM is included in finishing diets.1Matt K. Luebbe, assistant professor; Karla H. Jenkins, assistant professor, Animal Science, Panhandle Research and Extension Center, Scottsbluff, Neb.; Stephanie A. Furman, research technician; Kelly K. Kreikemeier, Life Products, Inc. Norfolk, Neb.

Effects of Feeding Microbial Feed Additives on Growth
Performance and Carcass Traits of Steers Fed Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets with Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles

https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1746&amp;context=animalscinbcr

Effects of Feeding Microbial Feed Additives on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Steers Fed Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets with Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles

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