The Tamil question in Sri Lanka

Abstract

Naloga obravnava razvoj in sedanje razmere na Šrilanki, in sicer z zgodovinskega in političnogeografskega stališča. Glavna pozornost je namenjena tamilskemu narodnemu vprašanju. Otoška država Šrilanka se je leta 1948 osamosvojila izpod britanske kolonialne oblasti. Prebivalstvo sestavljajo večinski Singalci, številčna manjšina Tamilcev ter več drugih manjšin. Tamilci so imeli v času britanske oblasti dokaj ugoden družbeni položaj, ki so ga po osamosvojitvi države začeli izgubljati. Večinski Singalci so omejevali pravice Tamilcev, ki so si prizadevali za večjo avtonomijo in enakopravnost tamilščine kot uradnega jezika. Zaradi nerešenih verskih in etničnih nesoglasij je država zapadla v krizo in dolgotrajno, večkrat prekinjeno državljansko vojno. Tudi v ZN ni bilo dovolj politične volje, da bi spor rešili po mirni poti. Državljanska vojna med tamilskimi separatisti (LTTE) in šrilanško vojsko je trajala od leta 1983 do 2009, ko je šrilanška vojska vojaško porazila tamilske separatiste, odpora pa ne.The diploma thesis deals with country of Sri Lanka on historical and political-geographic background. The main emphasis of the thesis is about the Tamil national question. Sri Lanka became independent in 1948 from British colonial rule. Population of Sri Lanka is composed of Sinhala majority, large Tamil and some minor ethnic groups. Under British colonial rule Tamils had good social position, which had changed after the independence. After the independence Sinhala majority had no interest of Tamil emancipation, so they started to discriminate their rights. Because of religious and ethnic disagreements between Hindu Tamils and Budist Sinhala country fell in deep and long-lasting political crisis. Crisis resulted as 26 years long civil war between Tamils separatists (LTTE) and Sri Lankan army. All participants and also UN did not find enough political will to end the war. In 2009 Sri Lankan army defeated Tamil separatists on battlefield, but their ideas are still alive

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