Impact of feeding three levels of beet pulp (0, 10, 20%, DM basis) with either dry-rolled corn (DRC) or steamflaked corn (SFC) in feedlot rations was evaluated. Final BW, DMI, and ADG decreased linearly as beet pulp replaced corn in the diet. Beet pulp linearly decreased HCW, 12th rib fat, and yield grade. Corn processing had no impact on carcass characteristics. Feeding SFC improved F:G, compared to feeding DRC. The inclusion of beet pulp in the diet did not impact F:G, however, because of the decrease of both DMI and ADG

Erickson, Galen E.

Furman, Stephanie A.

Jenkins, Karla H., Jenkins

Klopfenstein, Terry J.

Luebbe, Matt K.

Nichols, Cody A.

English

DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska

University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports Animal Science Department 2012 Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet Pulp Cody A. Nichols University of Nebraska-Lincoln Matt K. Luebbe University of Nebraska-Lincoln, mluebbe2@unl.edu Karla H. Jenkins Jenkins University of Nebraska-Lincoln, kjenkins2@unl.edu Galen E. Erickson University of Nebraska-Lincoln, gerickson4@unl.edu Stephanie A. Furman University of Nebraska-Lincoln, sfurman2@unl.edu See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr  Part of the Animal Sciences Commons Nichols, Cody A.; Luebbe, Matt K.; Jenkins, Karla H. Jenkins; Erickson, Galen E.; Furman, Stephanie A.; and Klopfenstein, Terry J., "Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet Pulp" (2012). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 676. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr/676 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Cody A. Nichols, Matt K. Luebbe, Karla H. Jenkins Jenkins, Galen E. Erickson, Stephanie A. Furman, and Terry J. Klopfenstein This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr/676 © The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.  All rights reserved. 2012 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report  — Page 73 Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet PulpCody A. NicholsMatthew K. LuebbeKarla H. Jenkins Galen E. EricksonStephanie A. FurmanTerry J. Klopfenstein1SummaryImpact of feeding three levels of beet pulp (0, 10, 20%, DM basis) with either dry-rolled corn (DRC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) in feedlot rations was evaluated. Final BW, DMI, and ADG decreased linearly as beet pulp replaced corn in the diet. Beet pulp linearly decreased HCW, 12th rib fat, and yield grade. Corn processing had no impact on carcass characteristics. Feeding SFC improved F:G, compared to feeding DRC. The inclusion of beet pulp in the diet did not impact F:G, however, because of the decrease of both DMI and ADG. IntroductionPressed beet pulp (24% DM, 9.5% CP, DM basis), has a relatively high level of fiber (44% NDF, DM basis) remaining after extraction of sugars from beets (Journal of Animal Science, 85:2290-2297). The fiber fraction of sugarbeet pulp is highly digestible and has been shown to be a very effective corn silage substitute in growing diets (1992 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report, p. 24; 1993 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report, p. 48; 2000 Nebraska Cattle Beef Report , p. 36). However, results from finishing studies where beet pulp replaced corn (dry rolled or high moisture) indicate beet pulp may be a better corn silage substitute than a corn replacement (1993 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report, pp. 48-49; 2001 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report, pp. 67-68; Journal of Animal Science, 2007, 85:2290-2297). Data are limited on how corn process-ing method interacts with the feeding of beet pulp. The objectives of this ex-periment were to determine the effects of feeding different levels of beet pulp in combination with dry-rolled corn (DRC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) on finishing performance and carcass char-acteristics.ProcedureIn the current study, 432 yearling British x Continental steers (initial BW = 690 ± 54 lb) were used in an experi-ment conducted at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL) Panhandle Research and Extension Center Pan-handle Research Feedlot. Prior to the start of the experiment, cattle were given Bovi-Shield® Gold, Vision® 7, Ivomec, electronic and visual ID, and branded. Cattle were limit fed (2% of BW) a 50% forage, 50% distillers grains diet for five days before the ini-tiation of the trial in an effort to reduce variation in gut fill at time of weighing. Steers were individually weighed two consecutive days (day 0 and day 1) after the limit feeding period to obtain an initial BW. On day 0 (11/30/10) cattle were implanted with Component® TE-IS and were vaccinated with So-mubac®. Cattle were stratified by BW within respective weight block (three blocks: Light, Medium, and Heavy) and assigned randomly to 36 pens (12 steers/pen). Steers were reimplanted with Component® TE-S 72 days after initial implant. Six dietary treatments (n = 6; six replications) were assigned randomly to pens within weight blocks. A randomized complete block design was used with a 2x3 factorial treatment structure. The first factor was corn source which consisted of either SFC or DRC, and the second fac-tor was level of beet pulp inclusion (0, 10, 20% DM).A 21-day grain adaptation pe-riod was used, in which incremental percentages of corn (SFC or DRC, dependent upon treatment) replaced alfalfa hay to allow cattle to become acclimated to the final finishing diet. Beet pulp inclusion levels remained constant from day 1 of the adaptation period until the end of the finishing trial. The SFC was processed off-site at a local commercial feedlot (Panhandle Feeders, Morrill, Neb.; target flake den-sity of 27-28 lb/bu) and was shipped to the Panhandle Research Feedlot three times weekly (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday). The experimental diets (Table 1) consisted of 15% corn silage, 20% wet distillers grains with solubles, 6% liquid supplement (DM basis), and varying proportions of SFC or DRC. Beet pulp was included in both the DRC and SFC based diets at 0, 10, or 20% (DM) respectively, replacing corn. Urea was supplemented to both DRC (0.30% DM) and SFC (0.40% DM) diets to meet degradable intake protein requirements. The liquid supplement was formulated to provide 360 mg/steer/day Rumensin and 90 mg/steer/day Tylan. Cattle were individually weighed at the end of the trial. Carcass adjusted performance was calculated using carcass weights adjusted to a common dressing percentage of 63%.Cattle were split up into two (Continued on next page)Table 1. Experimental diets (DM).  DRC   SFCIngredients 0 10 20 0 10 20DRC1 59.0 49.0 39.0 — — —SFC2 — — — 59.0 49.0 39.0Beet Pulp — 10.0 20.0 — 10.0 20.0WDGS3 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0Corn Silage 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0Supp.4  5.7  5.7  5.7  5.6  5.6  5.6Urea  0.3  0.3  0.3  0.4  0.4  0.4Nutrient Composition      CP% 12.5 12.7 12.9 12.7 12.9 13.1Fat%  4.5  4.2  3.9  4.2  4.0  3.8Ca% 0.57 0.64 0.70 0.57 0.64 0.71P%  0.35  0.34  0.32  0.34  0.33  0.31S%  0.14  0.15  0.15  0.14  0.15  0.15 1DRC = dry-rolled corn.2SFC = steam-flaked corn.3WDGS = wet distillers grains with solubles.4Formulated to provide 360 mg/steer/day Rumensin and 90 mg/steer/day Tylan. Page 74 — 2012 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report  © The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.  All rights reserved.Table 2.  Effect of corn processing method and sugarbeet pulp level on finishing performance.  DRC   SFC    P-value1Item 0 10 20 0 10 20 SEM Corn Type Level CxLCarcass Adjusted Data          Initial BW, lb  690 689 690 692 692 689  4.8  0.74  0.89 0.83Final BW, lb2 1314 1296 1259 1306 1305 1279 15.2  0.42 <0.01 0.46DMI, lb/day2  23.5  22.7  21.4  22.6  22.0  21.6  0.3  0.03 <0.01 0.07ADG, lb/day2  3.72  3.63  3.41  3.68  3.67  3.53  0.08  0.42 <0.01 0.35F:G3  6.30  6.24  6.29  6.15  6.01  6.11  0.117 <0.01  0.49 0.861Corn type = main effect of corn processing method, Level = main effect of beet pulp level, CxL = simple effect of the corn processing method x beet pulp level interaction.2Linear effect of beet pulp concentration (P < 0.01).3Statistically analyzed as G:F, the reciprocal of F:G.Table 3.  Effect of corn processing method and sugarbeet pulp level on carcass characteristics.  DRC   SFC    P-value1Item 0 10 20 0 10 20 SEM Corn Type Level CxLCarcass Data          HCW, lb1 828 817 793 823 822 806  9.6 0.44 <0.01 0.47Marbling2 572 591 578 586 570 563 12.2 0.34  0.52 0.1312th rib fat, in1  0.61  0.57  0.55  0.60  0.59  0.56  0.02 0.44 <0.01 0.63LM area, in2  12.3  12.5  12.3  12.5  12.6  12.3  0.17 0.36  0.20 0.82Yield Grade1,3  3.60  3.43  3.33  3.55  3.47  3.42  0.10 0.68  0.02 0.611Linear effect of beet pulp concentration (P < 0.01).2Marbling score: 400 = Slight, 450 = Slight50, 500 = Small.3Calculated as 2.50 + (2.5*fat depth, in) - (0.32*LM Area, in2) + (0.2*2.5 KPH) + (0.0038*HCW, lb).separate groups (group 1, heavy; group 2, medium and light) and slaughtered at a commercial abattoir on day 154 and d 174. Hot carcass weight (HCW) data were collected on the day of slaughter. Carcass 12th rib fat, calcu-lated yield grade (YG), preliminary YG, marbling score and longissimus (LM) area were recorded following a 48-hour carcass chill. Yield grade was calculat-ed using the USDA YG equation (YG = 2.5 + 2.5 (Fat thickness, in) – 0.32 (LM area, in2) + 0.2 (KPH fat, %) + 0.0038 (HCW, lb).Animal performance and carcass data were analyzed using the Glimmix procedure of SAS (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, N.C.) as a randomized complete block design with pen serving as the experi-mental unit. Factors included in the model were corn processing, beet pulp level, corn processing x beet pulp level, with BW block as a random variable. If the corn processing x beet pulp level interaction was significant (P < 0.05), simple effect P-values were reported, and if a significant interaction was not detected, only main effect P-values were reported. Orthogonal contrasts were used to detect linear and qua-dratic effects of beet pulp level across both corn processing types when no significant interaction existed and within corn processing when a signifi-cant interaction was present. ResultsNo significant corn processing x beet pulp interaction was detected for the carcass adjusted finishing performance data (Table 2). Final BW decreased linearly (P < 0.01) as level of beet pulp increased in the diet. Dry matter intake decreased linearly (P < 0.01) as beet pulp inclusion level increased in both DRC and SFC based diets. Gain decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing lev-els of beet pulp in both DRC and SFC finishing diets. However, F:G was not different (P = 0.49) among levels of beet pulp in the finishing diet. The inclusion of 20% beet pulp in DRC based diets decreased ADG by 9.1% compared to diets without beet pulp. In SFC diets the inclusion of 20% beet pulp decreased ADG 4.2%. The lack of difference in F:G is likely due to the fact that the change in magnitude for DMI (9.8 and 4.6%, for DRC and SFC, respectively) was similar to the change noted for ADG (9.1 and 4.2%, for DRC and SFC).Cattle fed DRC based diets had greater DMI (P = 0.03) compared  to cattle fed diets containing SFC. Also, feed conversion was improved  (P < 0.01) for cattle consuming diets containing SFC compared to diets with DRC as the grain source.Similar to finishing performance, no corn processing x beet pulp inter-action was detected for carcass data (Table 3). Since carcass adjusted final BW decreased with increasing levels of beet pulp supplementation, HCW also decreased (P < 0.01) linearly. Marbling and LM area were not impacted  (P = 0.13) by corn processing method or by the inclusion of beet pulp in the finishing diet. Yield grade, and 12th rib fat thickness decreased linearly  (P < 0.01) as beet pulp increased in the diet. Corn processing did not impact (P > 0.17) carcass characteristics.In summary, the inclusion of beet pulp in the finishing diet decreased DMI and ADG in both DRC and SFC diets. Since there was a concomitant decrease in DMI and ADG, feed con-versions were not different, which resulted in estimates for the calculated dietary energy content to be simi-lar among beet pulp levels (data not shown). As beet pulp level increased in the diet, fat deposition (YG and fat thickness) decreased. Feed conversion was improved when DRC was replaced with SFC, which is a common re-sponse when comparing the two corn processing methods.1Cody A. Nichols, graduate student; Galen E. Erickson, professor; Terry J. Klopfenstein, professor; University of Nebraska (UNL) Department of Animal Science, Lincoln, Neb.; Matthew K. Luebbe, assistant professor; Karla H. Jenkins, assistant professor; Stephanie A. Furman, research manager; UNL Panhandle Research and Extension Center, Scottsbluff, Neb.

Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet Pulp

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University of Nebraska - Lincoln 
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln 
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports Animal Science Department 
2012 
Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet Pulp 
Cody A. Nichols 
University of Nebraska-Lincoln 
Matt K. Luebbe 
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, mluebbe2@unl.edu 
Karla H. Jenkins Jenkins 
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, kjenkins2@unl.edu 
Galen E. Erickson 
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, gerickson4@unl.edu 
Stephanie A. Furman 
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, sfurman2@unl.edu 
See next page for additional authors 
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr 
 Part of the Animal Sciences Commons 
Nichols, Cody A.; Luebbe, Matt K.; Jenkins, Karla H. Jenkins; Erickson, Galen E.; Furman, Stephanie A.; and 
Klopfenstein, Terry J., "Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet Pulp" (2012). Nebraska 
Beef Cattle Reports. 676. 
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr/676 
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Department at 
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Beef Cattle 
Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 
Authors 
Cody A. Nichols, Matt K. Luebbe, Karla H. Jenkins Jenkins, Galen E. Erickson, Stephanie A. Furman, and 
Terry J. Klopfenstein 
This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/
animalscinbcr/676 
© The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.  All rights reserved. 2012 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report  — Page 73 
Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet Pulp
Cody A. Nichols
Matthew K. Luebbe
Karla H. Jenkins
 Galen E. Erickson
Stephanie A. Furman
Terry J. Klopfenstein1
Summary
Impact of feeding three levels of 
beet pulp (0, 10, 20%, DM basis) with 
either dry-rolled corn (DRC) or steam-
flaked corn (SFC) in feedlot rations was 
evaluated. Final BW, DMI, and ADG 
decreased linearly as beet pulp replaced 
corn in the diet. Beet pulp linearly 
decreased HCW, 12th rib fat, and yield 
grade. Corn processing had no impact 
on carcass characteristics. Feeding SFC 
improved F:G, compared to feeding DRC. 
The inclusion of beet pulp in the diet did 
not impact F:G, however, because of the 
decrease of both DMI and ADG. 
Introduction
Pressed beet pulp (24% DM, 9.5% 
CP, DM basis), has a relatively high 
level of fiber (44% NDF, DM basis) 
remaining after extraction of sugars 
from beets (Journal of Animal Science, 
85:2290-2297). The fiber fraction of 
sugarbeet pulp is highly digestible and 
has been shown to be a very effective 
corn silage substitute in growing diets 
(1992 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report, 
p. 24; 1993 Nebraska Beef Cattle 
Report, p. 48; 2000 Nebraska Cattle 
Beef Report , p. 36). However, results 
from finishing studies where beet 
pulp replaced corn (dry rolled or high 
moisture) indicate beet pulp may be a 
better corn silage substitute than a corn 
replacement (1993 Nebraska Beef Cattle 
Report, pp. 48-49; 2001 Nebraska Beef 
Cattle Report, pp. 67-68; Journal of 
Animal Science, 2007, 85:2290-2297). 
Data are limited on how corn process-
ing method interacts with the feeding 
of beet pulp. The objectives of this ex-
periment were to determine the effects 
of feeding different levels of beet pulp 
in combination with dry-rolled corn 
(DRC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC) on 
finishing performance and carcass char-
acteristics.
Procedure
In the current study, 432 yearling 
British x Continental steers (initial BW 
= 690 ± 54 lb) were used in an experi-
ment conducted at the University of 
Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL) Panhandle 
Research and Extension Center Pan-
handle Research Feedlot. Prior to the 
start of the experiment, cattle were 
given Bovi-Shield® Gold, Vision® 7, 
Ivomec, electronic and visual ID, and 
branded. Cattle were limit fed (2% 
of BW) a 50% forage, 50% distillers 
grains diet for five days before the ini-
tiation of the trial in an effort to reduce 
variation in gut fill at time of weighing. 
Steers were individually weighed two 
consecutive days (day 0 and day 1) after 
the limit feeding period to obtain an 
initial BW. On day 0 (11/30/10) cattle 
were implanted with Component® 
TE-IS and were vaccinated with So-
mubac®. Cattle were stratified by BW 
within respective weight block (three 
blocks: Light, Medium, and Heavy) 
and assigned randomly to 36 pens (12 
steers/pen). Steers were reimplanted 
with Component® TE-S 72 days after 
initial implant. Six dietary treatments 
(n = 6; six replications) were assigned 
randomly to pens within weight 
blocks. A randomized complete block 
design was used with a 2x3 factorial 
treatment structure. The first factor 
was corn source which consisted of 
either SFC or DRC, and the second fac-
tor was level of beet pulp inclusion (0, 
10, 20% DM).
A 21-day grain adaptation pe-
riod was used, in which incremental 
percentages of corn (SFC or DRC, 
dependent upon treatment) replaced 
alfalfa hay to allow cattle to become 
acclimated to the final finishing diet. 
Beet pulp inclusion levels remained 
constant from day 1 of the adaptation 
period until the end of the finishing 
trial. The SFC was processed off-site at 
a local commercial feedlot (Panhandle 
Feeders, Morrill, Neb.; target flake den-
sity of 27-28 lb/bu) and was shipped to 
the Panhandle Research Feedlot three 
times weekly (Monday, Wednesday, 
and Friday). The experimental diets 
(Table 1) consisted of 15% corn silage, 
20% wet distillers grains with solubles, 
6% liquid supplement (DM basis), and 
varying proportions of SFC or DRC. 
Beet pulp was included in both the 
DRC and SFC based diets at 0, 10, or 
20% (DM) respectively, replacing corn. 
Urea was supplemented to both DRC 
(0.30% DM) and SFC (0.40% DM) 
diets to meet degradable intake protein 
requirements. The liquid supplement 
was formulated to provide 360 mg/
steer/day Rumensin and 90 mg/steer/
day Tylan. 
Cattle were individually weighed at 
the end of the trial. Carcass adjusted 
performance was calculated using 
carcass weights adjusted to a common 
dressing percentage of 63%.
Cattle were split up into two 
(Continued on next page)
Table 1. Experimental diets (DM).
  DRC   SFC
Ingredients 0 10 20 0 10 20
DRC1 59.0 49.0 39.0 — — —
SFC2 — — — 59.0 49.0 39.0
Beet Pulp — 10.0 20.0 — 10.0 20.0
WDGS3 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0
Corn Silage 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0
Supp.4  5.7  5.7  5.7  5.6  5.6  5.6
Urea  0.3  0.3  0.3  0.4  0.4  0.4
Nutrient Composition      
CP% 12.5 12.7 12.9 12.7 12.9 13.1
Fat%  4.5  4.2  3.9  4.2  4.0  3.8
Ca% 0.57 0.64 0.70 0.57 0.64 0.71
P%  0.35  0.34  0.32  0.34  0.33  0.31
S%  0.14  0.15  0.15  0.14  0.15  0.15 
1DRC = dry-rolled corn.
2SFC = steam-flaked corn.
3WDGS = wet distillers grains with solubles.
4Formulated to provide 360 mg/steer/day Rumensin and 90 mg/steer/day Tylan. 
Page 74 — 2012 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report  © The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.  All rights reserved.
Table 2.  Effect of corn processing method and sugarbeet pulp level on finishing performance.
  DRC   SFC    P-value1
Item 0 10 20 0 10 20 SEM Corn Type Level CxL
Carcass Adjusted Data          
Initial BW, lb  690 689 690 692 692 689  4.8  0.74  0.89 0.83
Final BW, lb2 1314 1296 1259 1306 1305 1279 15.2  0.42 <0.01 0.46
DMI, lb/day2  23.5  22.7  21.4  22.6  22.0  21.6  0.3  0.03 <0.01 0.07
ADG, lb/day2  3.72  3.63  3.41  3.68  3.67  3.53  0.08  0.42 <0.01 0.35
F:G3  6.30  6.24  6.29  6.15  6.01  6.11  0.117 <0.01  0.49 0.86
1Corn type = main effect of corn processing method, Level = main effect of beet pulp level, CxL = simple effect of the corn processing method x beet pulp 
level interaction.
2Linear effect of beet pulp concentration (P < 0.01).
3Statistically analyzed as G:F, the reciprocal of F:G.
Table 3.  Effect of corn processing method and sugarbeet pulp level on carcass characteristics.
  DRC   SFC    P-value1
Item 0 10 20 0 10 20 SEM Corn Type Level CxL
Carcass Data          
HCW, lb1 828 817 793 823 822 806  9.6 0.44 <0.01 0.47
Marbling2 572 591 578 586 570 563 12.2 0.34  0.52 0.13
12th rib fat, in1  0.61  0.57  0.55  0.60  0.59  0.56  0.02 0.44 <0.01 0.63
LM area, in2  12.3  12.5  12.3  12.5  12.6  12.3  0.17 0.36  0.20 0.82
Yield Grade1,3  3.60  3.43  3.33  3.55  3.47  3.42  0.10 0.68  0.02 0.61
1Linear effect of beet pulp concentration (P < 0.01).
2Marbling score: 400 = Slight, 450 = Slight50, 500 = Small.
3Calculated as 2.50 + (2.5*fat depth, in) - (0.32*LM Area, in2) + (0.2*2.5 KPH) + (0.0038*HCW, lb).
separate groups (group 1, heavy; group 
2, medium and light) and slaughtered 
at a commercial abattoir on day 154 
and d 174. Hot carcass weight (HCW) 
data were collected on the day of 
slaughter. Carcass 12th rib fat, calcu-
lated yield grade (YG), preliminary YG, 
marbling score and longissimus (LM) 
area were recorded following a 48-hour 
carcass chill. Yield grade was calculat-
ed using the USDA YG equation (YG = 
2.5 + 2.5 (Fat thickness, in) – 0.32 (LM 
area, in2) + 0.2 (KPH fat, %) + 0.0038 
(HCW, lb).
Animal performance and carcass 
data were analyzed using the Glimmix 
procedure of SAS (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, 
N.C.) as a randomized complete block 
design with pen serving as the experi-
mental unit. Factors included in the 
model were corn processing, beet pulp 
level, corn processing x beet pulp level, 
with BW block as a random variable. 
If the corn processing x beet pulp level 
interaction was significant (P < 0.05), 
simple effect P-values were reported, 
and if a significant interaction was not 
detected, only main effect P-values 
were reported. Orthogonal contrasts 
were used to detect linear and qua-
dratic effects of beet pulp level across 
both corn processing types when no 
significant interaction existed and 
within corn processing when a signifi-
cant interaction was present. 
Results
No significant corn processing x beet 
pulp interaction was detected for the 
carcass adjusted finishing performance 
data (Table 2). Final BW decreased 
linearly (P < 0.01) as level of beet pulp 
increased in the diet. Dry matter intake 
decreased linearly (P < 0.01) as beet pulp 
inclusion level increased in both DRC 
and SFC based diets. Gain decreased 
linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing lev-
els of beet pulp in both DRC and SFC 
finishing diets. However, F:G was not 
different (P = 0.49) among levels of beet 
pulp in the finishing diet. The inclusion 
of 20% beet pulp in DRC based diets 
decreased ADG by 9.1% compared to 
diets without beet pulp. In SFC diets the 
inclusion of 20% beet pulp decreased 
ADG 4.2%. The lack of difference in F:G 
is likely due to the fact that the change 
in magnitude for DMI (9.8 and 4.6%, 
for DRC and SFC, respectively) was 
similar to the change noted for ADG 
(9.1 and 4.2%, for DRC and SFC).
Cattle fed DRC based diets had 
greater DMI (P = 0.03) compared  
to cattle fed diets containing SFC. 
Also, feed conversion was improved  
(P < 0.01) for cattle consuming diets 
containing SFC compared to diets 
with DRC as the grain source.
Similar to finishing performance, 
no corn processing x beet pulp inter-
action was detected for carcass data 
(Table 3). Since carcass adjusted final 
BW decreased with increasing levels of 
beet pulp supplementation, HCW also 
decreased (P < 0.01) linearly. Marbling 
and LM area were not impacted  
(P = 0.13) by corn processing method 
or by the inclusion of beet pulp in the 
finishing diet. Yield grade, and 12th rib 
fat thickness decreased linearly  
(P < 0.01) as beet pulp increased in the 
diet. Corn processing did not impact 
(P > 0.17) carcass characteristics.
In summary, the inclusion of beet 
pulp in the finishing diet decreased 
DMI and ADG in both DRC and SFC 
diets. Since there was a concomitant 
decrease in DMI and ADG, feed con-
versions were not different, which 
resulted in estimates for the calculated 
dietary energy content to be simi-
lar among beet pulp levels (data not 
shown). As beet pulp level increased 
in the diet, fat deposition (YG and fat 
thickness) decreased. Feed conversion 
was improved when DRC was replaced 
with SFC, which is a common re-
sponse when comparing the two corn 
processing methods.
1Cody A. Nichols, graduate student; Galen 
E. Erickson, professor; Terry J. Klopfenstein, 
professor; University of Nebraska (UNL) 
Department of Animal Science, Lincoln, Neb.; 
Matthew K. Luebbe, assistant professor; Karla 
H. Jenkins, assistant professor; Stephanie A. 
Furman, research manager; UNL Panhandle 
Research and Extension Center, Scottsbluff, Neb.


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Effect of Corn Processing on Feedlot Steers Fed Sugarbeet Pulp

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