Cover crops are often used in Kentucky following the harvest of row crops such as tobacco, corn, and soybeans. Living cover crops can prevent erosion, reduce leaching of nutrients, and supply grazing, green manure, or a plant cover in which to no-till the following spring

Edmonson, W. T.

Henning, Jimmy C.

Lauriault, L. M.

Taylor, Norman L.

English

University of Kentucky

University of KentuckyUKnowledgeAgronomy Notes Plant and Soil Sciences3-19911990 Kentucky Winter Annual Legume VarietyTestL. M. LauriaultUniversity of KentuckyNorman L. TaylorUniversity of KentuckyJimmy C. HenningUniversity of Kentucky, jhenning@uky.eduW. T. EdmonsonUniversity of KentuckyRight click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits you.Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_notesPart of the Agronomy and Crop Sciences CommonsThis Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in AgronomyNotes by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact UKnowledge@lsv.uky.edu.Repository CitationLauriault, L. M.; Taylor, Norman L.; Henning, Jimmy C.; and Edmonson, W. T., "1990 Kentucky Winter Annual Legume Variety Test"(1991). Agronomy Notes. 96.https://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_notes/96UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKYCOLLEGE OF AGRICULTURELexington, Kentucky 40646COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICEAGRONOMY NOTESVolume 24, No. 2 March 1991I Research specialist, Profes-sor, Extension specialist,and Research technician1990 KENTUCKY WINTER ANNUAL LEGUKB VARIBTY TESTL.M. Lauriault, N.L. Taylor, J.C. Henning, and W.T. EdmondsonlIntroduction available for use as winterCover crops are often annual legumes. The plantingused in Kentucky following the time for these crops, Augustharvest of row crops such as l-september 15, is critical totobacco, corn, and soybeans. insure that the crop has timeLiving cover crops can prevent to establish winter-hardiness.erosion, reduce leaching of While seeding rates will varynutrients, and supply grazing, with species, other estab-green manure, or a plant cover lishment and fertility recom-in which to no-till the mendations are similar tofollowing spring. Adding a those for red clover.winter annual legume to trad- Description of the testitional small grain cover The purpose of this studycrops is a good management was to compare, under Kentuckypractice since it improves the conditions, the dry matterquality of the grazed forage yield of 14 annual clovers, awhile reducing the nitrogen perennial red clover, and anfertilizer requirement for the / annual Medicago. Table 1grazed crop or the manure lists the clover types, var-crop. To benefit from the ieties, and sources of thenitrogen-fixing abilities of winter annuals included inthe legume, be sure the seed this test. Test plots wereis properly inoculated. The seeded at· Lexington, Kentuckyinoculants used for red clover on September 5, 1989, into aare not effective for some of prepared seedbed. Plots werethe annual clovers so special harvested with a flail typeinoculant may have to be or- forage plot harvester and thedered. Several species of the whole plot was collected andclover genus, Trifolium, are dried at 650F.Temperatures at Lexingtonaverage 550 F and precipitationaverages about 46 inches. TheThe College 01 Agriculture is an Equal Oppor/lJmW Orf}<lnlza/Jon with raspecllo education and employment andis authorized /0 provide research, educa/;onlll information and other services only /0Individuals and ms/llullOns thaI lunC/lon wI/haul regard 10 race, color, natlOna/origin, sex, religion, age and handicap Inqulffes regarding compliance with Tille VI andT/lle VII of/he CivllRighlsAcl of1964. TI/le IX of the Educarionai Amendmenls, Secr,on 504 of Ihe Rehablli/allon Ac/ and olherrelaled mailers should be directed 10 Equal Opportunity Ollice, College 01 Agricullure, University o(Kenlucky. Room S-105, Agncu!lural SCience Buildmg-NOIlh, Lexmgton, Kenlucky 40546UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY. KENTUCKY STATE UNIVERSITy. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AND KENTUCKY COUNTIES. COOPERATINGweather during the growingperiod for this test (sep-tember 1989 to May 1990) de-viated somewhat- from the longterm averages for the loca-tion. -Fall and spring werecooler than normal with normalto below normal precipitationwhile winter was warmer thannormal with near normal pre-cipitation (Table 2).ResultsForage yields on May 16,1990 differed significantly a-mong the clover species tested(Table 3). Crimson clover ex-perimental lines and cultivarswere among the highest andlowest yielding entries, re-flecting large differences instands. Button clover wasalso in the top yieldinggroup. Percent stand, an in-dication of ground cover thatreflects the variety's seed-ling vigor and ability to com-pete with weeds such as chick-2weed and henbit, also variedsignificantly (Table 3). TheLSD (Least significant Dif-ference), shown in the table,isa statistic that is used todetermine whether the dif-ference between two varietiesis real or due to chance.Proper management, begin-ning with land preparation andcontinuing throughout the lifeof the stand, is necessary foreven the highest yielding var-iety to be productive. Table4 is a listing of other Col-lege of Agriculture pUblica-tions related to the estab-lishment, management, and har-vesting of legumes. These re-sources, which _are availablethrough the county extensionagent's office, should be con-SUlted to maximize the produc-tivity of the winter annuallegume, whether used solely asa cover crop or as part of awinter forage program.Table 1 Clover types, ~~rieties, and sources ofwinter annual legumes.Clover typeArrowleafBerseemButtonCrimsonCrimsonCrimsonCrimsonCrimsonMike'sRedRoseRoseSubterraneanSubterraneanSubterraneanSubterraneClnVarietyArncloBigbeecommonChiefDixieKY ExperimentalMS Exp 1-4TibbeeKY ExperimentalKenstarKondininwiltonLarrisaMt. BarkerTallarookWoogenellupSourceGA Agric. Experiment Sta.MS Agric. Experiment Sta.KY Agric. Experiment Sta.MS Agric. Experiment Sta.MS Agric. Experiment Sta.KY Agric. Experiment Sta.MS Agric. Experiment Sta.MS Agric. Experiment Sta.KY Agric. Experiment Sta.KY Agric. Experiment Sta.California from AustraliaCalifornia from AustraliaKaufman Seeds, Ashtown, ARKaufman Seeds, Ashtown, ARKaufman Seeds, Ashtown, ARKaufman Seeds, Ashtown, AR3Table 2. Temperature and rainfall at Lexington, Kentuckyduring the winter annual legume growing period.Temperature Rainfall0 1 1Year Month F Dep. Inches Dep.1989 sept. 66.9 -1.8 4.12 0.84Oct. 56.3 -0.5 2.90 0.64Nov. 44.8 0.1 2.89 -0.41Dec. 22.8 -13.3 1.80 -1.981990 Jan. 41.3 9.9 4.48 0.91Feb. 43.1 8.5 3.73 0.47Mar. 47.9 4.0 2.18 -2.65Apr. 52.3 -2.7 2.46 -1.55May 60.9 -3.3 6.52 2.291 Departure from normal.Table 3. Percent stand and dry matter yield of 20 varietiesof winter annual legumes seeded at Lexington,Kentucky on september 5, 1989 and harvested onMay 16, 1990.Clover typeButton1CrimsonCrimsonMike'sCrimsonRoseSubterraneanRoseCrimsonRedSubterraneanBerseemArrowleafSubterranean .SubterraneanCrimsonPercent standVariety 11-6-89 5-16-90common 36.25; 2 97.00"Chief 82. 50b 87. 50cdKY Experimental 67.50C 88.63 cdKY ExperimentaL>42.50 f 92.00bcDixie / 90.00· 68. 75 fKondinin 38.759-13 68.75 fTallarook 40.00 f - h 94.75·bWilton 32.50; 68.75 fTibbee 82.50b 7l.25 fKenstar 48.75" 47.509Mt. Barker 50. OOde 85. OOd"Bigbee 47.50" 48.759Ainclo 37. 50hl 28. 75hLarrisa 41.25 f 9 70.00 fWoogenellup 46.25" 82.50"MS Exp 1-4 52.50d 12.501YieldTon/ac2.97"2.94"2.54 b2.29bc2.l6cd1.87d1.5le1.4ge1.45e1.30e0.84 f0.66 f0.60f0.55 f0.1590.1291 All varieties are in the genus Trifolium except buttonclover, which is a Medicago.2 Means within the any column with the same letter(s) are notsignificantly different based on the 5% LSD.3 Includes g, h, and i.COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICEU.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUREUNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKYCOLLEGE OF AGRICULTURELEXINGTON, KENTUCKY 40546OFFICIAL BUSINESSPENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYERBULK RATEPOS,TAGE & FEES PAIDUSDAPERMIT No. G268Table 4.PublicationAGR-63AGR-64AGR-90AGR-ISAGR-lAGR-57AGR-l6AGR-l9AGR-92AGR-6PPA-9ASC-50AGR-S5IO-74IO-5IO-'76ASC-56ASC-34ASC-57university of Kentucky agricultural extensionpUblications related to winter annual legumemanagement.TitleSmall grain pasturesEstablishing forage cropsSeed tags: What they revealInoculation of forage legumesGrain and forage crop guide for Ken~uckyLime and fertilizer recommendationsSoil testing: What it is and what it doesTaking soil test samplesLiming acid soils /Sampling plant tissue for nutrient analysisChemical control of weeds in Kentucky farm cropsCollecting plant specimens for disease diagnosisGrazing systemsEfficient pasture systemsPlanning fencing systems for intensive grazingmanagementA beef forage systemCreep grazing for beef calvesProducing slaughter beef with grain on pastureNutritional requirements for dairy animals andcomposition of feedstuffsForage-related cattle disorders,Jimmy C. Henningnsion specialist, forages'

1990 Kentucky Winter Annual Legume Variety Test

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1990 Kentucky Winter Annual Legume Variety Test

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