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A bike ride from cradle to grave : better decision-making by using the life-cycle-costs approach

Abstract

The life-cycle costs (LCC) approach is used to gain transparency, to compare variants and to have a reliable basis for long-term-budgeting of investments, maintenance and operation with the goal of most favourable total costs of ownership (TCO) for a given level of service for reliability, availability, maintainability, safety, health and environment, functionality, comfort (RAMSHEFC)

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