This study was performed to assess the predictive factors of Intensive Care Units (ICU) admission in newly diagnosed pediatric oncologic patients and in patients under ongoing oncologic treatment. Methods used to explore the research question included a retrospective analysis of children admitted to the ICU of the MAX Saket Superspecialty Hospital between March 1, 2013 and May 2018 in order to identify those patients with an oncologic condition who were admitted to an ICU. This subgroup was further evaluated for factors associated to ICU admissions, including: diagnosis, risk factors, complications leading to Pediatric ICU (PICU) admission, PICU therapy, and mortality outcome. Of the 258 total pediatric oncology patients in the 5 years analyzed, 149 patients (58%) were admitted to the ICU. The ICU with the highest number of admissions was the Neurosurgery-ICU (NSICU) with 54 episodes. Out of the 149 patients with ICU admissions, 66% were male and 44% were female. There were 27 (18%) ICU deaths reported. While demographic factors may not be entirely predictive of risk for ICU admission, the patterns identified through this analysis, particularly diagnostic indicators, can be used to guide planning and precautions for future patients. Other variables, including sex and country of origin, showed no significant predilection for ICU admission. Further exploration on factors associated with ICU mortality are of interest for future research
