今後の展開：予備的検討も含めて, Qβ, MS2, ノロウイルスの3種類のウイルスについて検討したが, 吸着能力や回収能力がウイルスの種類によって非常に大きく異なることが明らかになった。大腸菌ファージMS2とノロウイルスについて, 吸着並びに誘出に及ぼす水質による影響の評価を引き続き行っており, これらの成果を陰電荷膜法の使用限界の明確化と利用方法の適正化につなげたい。Quantitative detection of viruses in environmental waters is essential in evaluating health risks of viral infection from water. As virus concentration in environmental waters is usually very low, it is necessary to concentrate viruses from large volume of water samples. Recently, Katayama et al (2002) developed a new series of procedures to concentrate viruses by adsorption to and elution from a negatively charged membrane and the series was verified to improve recovery rates greatly. We applied the series for concentrating norovirus from treated wastewaters and observed recovery by the series of procedures was not always high for norovirus from treated wastewater. We therefore examined the adsorption and recovery abilities of the series of procedures for viruses in municipal wastewater and biologically treated wastewater. Coliphages Qβ and MS2 were used as model viruses A type HA membrane filter with a 0.45 micrometer pore size was selected as negatively charged membrane.Adsorption rate of coliphage Qβ on negatively charged membrane was very high at the initial stage of filtration with > 99.9 %. The adsorption rate was gradually decreased with increased water volume of filtration and reached to a few ten %. Decreasing feature of adsorption rate was differed not only between raw wastewater and treated wastewater, rapid decrease in raw wastewater and slow decrease in treated wastewater, but also different sampling dates.Differed from coliphage Qβ, consistent small adsorption rate of 30 to 40 % was observed in coliphage MS2 even at the initial stage of filtration.These results suggest the extended research on concentration and recovery technology for viruses in environmental waters
