Tarihi İpek Yolu üzerinde eski bir ipekçilik merkezi olan Bursa’nın tarihi kent dokusu içinde yer alan onbir ipek fabrikası, kentin ipekçilikle ilgili geçmişinin 19. ve 20. yüzyıldan kalan izleridir. Kentteki ipekçilik faaliyetinin 1980’lerden sonra terk edilmesiyle özgün işlevlerini yitiren bu fabrikalar bakımsızlık, ihmal, bilinçsiz onarım ve yenileme gibi nedenlerle harap olmakta, değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Bursa’daki ipek fabrikalarının mevcut durumları belgelenerek, ipekçilikle ilgili endüstri mirası olarak tanınmaları ve yaşatılmaları için olanaklar araştırılmıştır. Bursa’nın ipekçilik tarihi ve fiziksel dokusunun gelişimi ile ilgili birer belge niteliği taşıyan fabrikaların özgün değerlerini koruyarak geleceğe aktarılabilmeleri için öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bursa, ipekçilik, ipek fabrikaları, endüstri mirası, koruma. Sericulture, was an universal culture, improved and expanded by training and practice. The Silk Road, which connected Asia and Europe, is an outcome of this culture. The legendary road created a lively commercial and cultural development at its stopping points. Bursa, once the capital of the Ottoman Empire, became an important sericulture center on the Silk Road during the fourteenth century and preserved its importance until mid twentieth century. During the nineteenth century, Ottomans started to provide raw silk for the silk weaving industry in Europe. The demand for semi-finished products urged the import of technology from Europe, resulting in the establishment of many steam-powered silk factories in Bursa. In the early years of the Turkish Republic, the weaving sector in the city was revived. With this new impetus, new units were added to steam-powered silk factories of the nineteenth century. The sericulture activities in the city came to an end about 1980 with the import of cheaper silk from the Far East. There are eleven redundant silk factories within the historic city of Bursa. These factories are under the risk of total extinction due to neglect or modifications. The aim of this study is to explore the possibilities for the preservation of the factories. The surviving structures have been surveyed and proposals have been developed to define the methodological framework for the conservation of the industrial heritage related to sericulture in Bursa. Keywords: Bursa, sericulture, silk factories, industrial heritage, conservation
