The objective is to analyze the clinical features and factors of non-small cell lung cancer patients with chemotherapy-related anemia to prevent and treat anemia. 78 cases of hospitalized patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy from January 2008 to October 2014 were recruited as subjects. The anemia information after chemotherapy was analyzed to understand the clinical features and the factors of anemia after chemotherapy. The incidence of anemia after chemotherapy was 82.05%, while the rate moderate and severe anemia was 34.61%. No significant difference was observed from the incidence of anemia after chemotherapy in patients in terms of gender. Among the stage IV patients, patients with bone metastasis has higher incidence of anemia after chemotherapy when compared with patients without bone metastasis (P < 0.05). Non-small cell lung cancer has a higher incidence of anemia after chemotherapy, patients should be given attention on the anemia therapy in addition to other clinical treatment. Patients with bone metastases are more prone to have anemia after chemotherapy thus, early intervention should be taken to reduce the incidence of anemia
