In this work we are doing the material optimization of two wheeler alloy wheel. This project we are designed the 3D model of the alloy wheel by using creo 1.0 software and the analysis taken by different materials of the alloy wheel and the analysis taken by the ansys software. This project we are analyzed the rotational velocity and force acting on the alloy wheel by the three materials. Presently the alloy wheels are made by the material of aluminum alloy and, this project we are testing the same load under the two materials. The materials are Magnesium alloy, Titanium alloy. Then the model is analyzed for the deflection, max stress induced and strain for all the above materials under same loa

Maadesh Kumar, K

P, sathish kumar

Sivaraman, M

Venkatesh, M

International Research Journal of Automotive Technology (IRJAT)

        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY (IRJAT) 
 
http://www.mapletreejournals.com/index.php/IRJAT                   
Received 6 April 2018                      ISSN 2581-5865     
Accepted 3 May 2018                             2018; 1(3);33-37 
Published online 30 May 2018 
Analysis of Alloy Wheel Rim 
 
P.Sathish Kumar1*, M.Sivaraman1,K.Maadesh Kumar1, M.Venkatesh2 
 
1Asst Professor, Dept of Mech Engg, Jansons Institute of Tech, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. 
2PG Student, Dept of Mech Engg, SBM College of Engg and Tech, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India. 
 
*Corresponding author E-Mail ID: kumarsathish0035@gmail.com, Mobile: 9698175302 
ABSTRACT 
In this work we are doing the material optimization of two wheeler alloy wheel. This project we are designed 
the 3D model of the alloy wheel by using creo 1.0 software and the analysis taken by different materials of the 
alloy wheel and the analysis taken by the ansys software. This project we are analyzed the rotational velocity 
and force acting on the alloy wheel by the three materials. Presently the alloy wheels are made by the material 
of aluminum alloy and, this project we are testing the same load under the two materials. The materials are 
Magnesium alloy, Titanium alloy. Then the model is analyzed for the deflection, max stress induced and 
strain for all the above materials under same load 
.Keywords: wheels,rim,creo,ansys 
1. INTRODUCTION 
A wheel is a circular device that is capable of rotating on its axis, facilitating movement or 
transportation while supporting a load (mass), or performing labor in machines. Common examples are found 
in transport applications. A wheel, together with an axle overcomes friction by facilitating motion by rolling. 
In order for wheels to rotate, a moment needs to be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by way of 
gravity, or by application of another external force. More generally the term is also used for other circular 
objects that rotate or turn, such as a ship’s wheel, steering wheel and flywheel. Alloy wheels are automobile 
wheels which are made from an alloy of aluminum. Alloy wheels differ from normal steel wheels because of 
their lighter weight, which improves the steering and the speed of the vehicle, however some alloy wheels are 
heavier than the equivalent size steel wheel. Alloy wheels are also better heat conductors than steel wheels, 
improving heat dissipation from the brakes, which reduces the chance of brake failure in more demanding 
driving conditions. Over the years, achieving success in mechanical design has been made 1possible only 
after years of experience coupled with rigorous field-testing. Recently the procedures have significantly 
improved with the emergence of innovative method on experimental and analytical analysis. Lighter wheels 
can improve handling by reducing unsprung mass , allowing suspension to follow the terrain more closely and 
thus improve grip, however not all alloy wheels are lighter than their steel equivalents. Reduction in overall 
vehicle mass can also help to reduce fuel consumption. 
2. METHODOLOGY   
2.1 Modeling 
The bike alloy wheel model has been entirely modeled by PRO E software. First of all sketch 
command of the pro e is opened. Then by using 2d commands sketch is created. Then the 3D model of bike 
alloy wheel plates is created by extrude, revolve command in creo. 
2.2 Transformation of model 
Then the model is converted in to the IGES format which is most suitable and easy access for any 
other software’s. Using the IGES format we can import the bike alloy wheel model from pro e to ANSYS. 
Now we can make static structural analysis. 
 
P.Sathish Kumar et. al. / International Research Journal of Automotive Technology 2018; 1(3): 33-37 
2.3 Meshing 
After the complete structure is modeled, bike alloy wheel is meshed. This has been done by using 
ansys workbench software. The last step to be completed before meshing the model is to set the meshing 
controls, i.e. the element shape, size, the number of divisions per line, etc. Selecting the various parts of the 
model, one by one finite element mesh is generated. The critical portions are plates with sharp corners, 
curvature etc. These areas can be remeshed with advance mesh control options. "Smart element sizing" is a 
meshing feature that creates initial element sizes for free meshing operation. Proper care has to be taken to 
have the control over the number of elements and hence the number of degrees of freedom associated with the 
structure. This is done to have a control over the solution time. However, no compromise is made on the 
accuracy of the results. 
2.4 Loading 
The types of loading that can be applied in a structural analysis include: 
• Externally applied forces and pressures 
• Steady-state inertial forces (such as gravity or rotational velocity) 
• Imposed (nonzero) displacements 
2.5 Analysis 
A static structural analysis determines the displacements, stresses, strains, and forces in structures or 
components caused by loads that do not induce significant inertia and damping effects. 
3. DESIGN AND CALCULATION 
3.1 Calculation 
Mass of Bike, 
Dead Weight of Bike = 143kg 
Other Loads = 20 Kg 
Total Gross Weight = 143 + 20 
= 163 Kg 
= 163X 9.81 N 
Tires and Suspension system reduced by 30% of Loads 
W net = 163 X 9.81 X 0.7 N = 1119.32N 
Reaction Forces On Bike = Nr  = 1119.32N 
Number of Wheels: 2 
But by considering total Reaction Force on only one wheel 
FT = 1119.32N 
Rim surface area which is having 6 spokes: 
A6 = 48299.69 mm2 
(this can be obtained from selecting faces on rim by using measuring tool in solid works) 
Stress on the each Rim = 0.02321 N/mm2 
Rotation velocity =  V/ r 
For men accelerate motorcycle from 0 to 80km/hr 
Rotation velocity = 22.22 / 250 = 88.88 rad/sec 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.Sathish Kumar et. al. / International Research Journal of Automotive Technology 2018; 1(3): 33-37 
3.2 Design 
 
         
Fig 1       Fig 2 
 
4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 
4.1 Result For Existing Material   
Aluminium Alloy 
Total Deformation                               Equivalent Elastic Strain   Equivalent Stress 
          
Fig 3      Fig 4     Fig 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.Sathish Kumar et. al. / International Research Journal of Automotive Technology 2018; 1(3): 33-37 
4.2 Result For Optimized Materials 
Magnesium Alloy 
Total Deformation            Equivalent Elastic Strain   Equivalent Stress 
              
Fig 6      Fig 7     Fig 8 
Titanium Alloy 
Total Deformation            Equivalent Elastic Strain  Equivalent Stress 
              
Fig 9      Fig 10     Fig 11 
4.3 Comparison Of Results 
Aluminium Alloy 
DESCRIPTION MINIMUM MAXIMUM 
 
Total deformation (mm) 
 
0 
 
0.4227 
Equivalent elastic strain (mm/mm)  
5.704e-6 
 
9.23e-4 
 
Equivalent stress MPa 
 
0.405 
 
65.557 
 
 
 
P.Sathish Kumar et. al. / International Research Journal of Automotive Technology 2018; 1(3): 33-37 
Magnesium Alloy 
DESCRIPTION MINIMUM MAXIMUM 
 
Total deformation (mm) 
 
0 
 
0.4347 
Equivalent elastic strain 
(mm/mm) 
 
3.589e-6 
 
9.4e-4 
 
Equivalent stress MPa 
 
0.16153 
 
42.547 
 
Titanium Alloy 
DESCRIPTION MINIMUM MAXIMUM 
 
Total deformation (mm) 
 
0 
 
0.52116 
Equivalent elastic strain 
(mm/mm) 
 
8.1947 e-6 
 
0.0011354 
 
Equivalent stress MPa 
 
0.78669 
 
109.02 
 
5.CONCLUSION 
Analysis results from testing the alloy wheel under static load containing the stresses and 
deflection are listed in the Table. The materials we analyze are Aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, 
Titanium alloy. The analysis of alloy wheel we found that the magnesium alloy wheel have a good 
strength and it have a less deformation under the fixed support and force, than the other three material which 
are used for alloy wheels. So the existing aluminium alloy material can be replaced with optimized 
megnisium material because of its low deformation and elastic strain values. Compared to other optimized 
materials like Titanium alloy has low deformation value. So the suitable material for alloy wheel is Titanium 
alloy. 
REFERENCES 
1.  M.Riesner and R. I. DeVries, ―Finite Element Analysis and Structural Optimization of Vehicle 
Wheels‖, in Proceedings of International Congress & Exposition - SAE, Detroit, MI, 1993. 
2. Ch. P.V. Ravi Kumar, Prof. R. Satya Meher. “Topology Optimization of Aluminum Alloy Wheel”. 
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research, Ruzanna Nadia Binti Nisah, Finite element 
Analysis of a Motorcycle Alloy Wheel. Generated by Foxit Creator. 
3. Mohd Izzat Faliqfarhan and Bin Baharom (2008), “Simulation Test of Automotive Alloy Wheel 
Using Computer Aided Engineering Software”, Eng. D. Thesis, 
4. Liangmo Wang, Yufa Chen, Chenzhi Wang and Qingzheng Wang (2011), “Fatigue Life Analysis of 
Aluminum Wheels by Simulation of Rotary Fatigue Test”, Strojniski Vestnik-Journal of Mechanical 
Engineering,University Malaysia, Pahang. 
5. Si-Young Kwak, Jie Cheng and Jeong-Kil Choi (2011), “Impact Analysis of Casting Parts 
Considering Shrinkage Cavity Defect”, China Foundry, 
6. WenRu Wei, Liang Yu, Yanli Jiang, JunChuan Tan and Ru HongQiang (2011), “Fatigue Life 
Analysis of Aluminum HS6061- T6 Rims Using Finite Element Method”, International Conference 
on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering.  


Analysis of Alloy Wheel Rim

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