Amadi, C.

Farrell, R.E.

Van Rees, K.C.J.

English

eCommons@USASK

Soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions with distance from a shelterbelt

University of Saskatchewan Research Archive

Soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions with distance from a shelterbelt Amadi, C1*, R. Farrell1 and K. Van Rees1 1Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK. Canada. Centre for Northern Agroforestry  and Afforestation   Overview of shelterbelts  Shelterbelts A form of agroforestry systems  Provide economic and ecological benefits – control of wind erosion and pesticide drift, enhancement of wildlife and biodiversity, landscape beautification and soil moisture improvement via snow trapment.   Emerging benefits – Mitigation of agricultural greenhouse gas emission, Carbon storage and bioenergy  Why study shelterbelts for GHG reduction? Microclimate on the leeside is modified (Interactions of soil microbial communities with modified climate)  High organic matter input due to tree litter deposits and wind-blown sediment trapment. Organic carbon in tree biomass is about 24 Mg km-1 to 104 Mg C km-1 (depending on species and age)  Trees are deep rooting and can reduce  denitrification and N leaching Improve understanding, identify inefficiencies, sustain ecosystem health, modelling Over 600 million shelterbelt tree seedlings distributed around the prairies by PFRA The impact of shelterbelts on greenhouse gas flux in the Prairies has been less studied - knowledge gap (Impact on greenhouse gas models and inventories)  Objective   Determine the changes in soil properties        with distance from shelterbelts     Investigate dynamics in GHG fluxes with           distance from shelterbelts Hypothesis  Sheltering effect and root activity of shelterbelts will have varying degrees of effect on GHG emissions at different distances away from shelterbelts Study Site    31-year old, two-row hybrid poplar – caragana shelterbelt     east-west orientation      average height = 25 m     Spacing = 2 m  Experimental layout Gas, soil and ancillary data Sampling intensity: - (guided by weather events)     - 4 time points (T0, T1, T2 and T3)  Soil sampling:  15 cm depth Gas samples measured using a gas chromatograph (Bruker 450-GC)  Static state vented chambers Soil temperature and moisture at 5 cm depth Soil  Properties Soil texture: Sandy loam Soil  Properties Results 2013 field season  Daily CO2, CH4 and N2O flux from soils with distance from  shelterbelts Results 2013 field season Cumulative flux   Cumulative CO2, CH4 and N2O flux from soils with distance from shelterbelts Summary Shelterbelts provide opportunities for reducing agricultural GHG footprint Tree roots can take up excess mineral N and soil water  thereby reducing CH4 and N losses via denitrification and leaching CO2 fluxes (soil respiration) decreased with increasing distance from shelterbelts due to improved biological activity and greater SOM content Fluxes of N2O and CH4 were lowest in shelterbelts but  increased with increasing distance from shelterbelts References Izaurralde, R.C., R.L. Lemke, T.W. Goddard, B. McConkey and Z. Zhang. 2004. Nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural toposequences in Alberta and Saskatchewan. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68:1285-1294 Kort, J. and R. Turnock 1999. Carbon reservoir and biomass in Canadian prairie shelterbelts. Agroforest Syst. 44:175–186 Kulshreshtha, S. and J. Kort. 2009. External economic benefits and social goods from prairie shelterbelts. Agrofor. Syst. 75:39-47 Acknowledgement  • Dr. Ken Van Rees • Dr. Rich Farrell  Supervisors   • Doug Jackson • Darin Richman • Frank Krignen • Mark Cooke • Matt Jones    Labs 5D05 and 5E19  • Shannon Poppy • Curtis Braaten  Conservation Learning Centre (CLC) Funding was provided by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada - AGGP program  Questions? Centre for Northern Agroforestry  and Afforestation   

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Soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions with distance from a shelterbelt

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