Non-linear Elastic Response in Solid Helium: critical velocity or strain

Abstract

Torsional oscillator experiments show evidence of mass decoupling in solid 4He. This decoupling is amplitude dependent, suggesting a critical velocity for supersolidity. We observe similar behavior in the elastic shear modulus. By measuring the shear modulus over a wide frequency range, we can distinguish between an amplitude dependence which depends on velocity and one which depends on some other parameter like displacement. In contrast to the torsional oscillator behavior, the modulus depends on the magnitude of stress, not velocity. We interpret our results in terms of the motion of dislocations which are weakly pinned by 3He impurities but which break away when large stresses are applied